Pseudocereals are recently positioned at the forefront of interest, as they are eminent sources of several beneficial bioactive components, such as flavonoids. Noodles of specific composition comprising buckwheat and amaranth have been involved in this research. The aim of presented study was to provide authentic tools in order to estimate the actual behaviour of polyphenols of the special noodles throughout the digestion process. In vitro and in vivo digestion models studies were performed with wheat flour noodles fortified with antioxidant rich pseudocereals. Five noodle variants were prepared with supplementation of different flours of amaranth and buckwheat with wheat flour ranging from 5 to 30%. To reveal the effect of human consumption on polyphenols uptake and real biological impacts, in vitro and in vivo experiments were carried out. Different assays were applied to monitor the release of antioxidants in each gastrointestinal phase. Fortification didn't change the cooking quality of noodles, but slightly affected the colour and improved the total polyphenol content (597-920 mg GAE/ kg), and the antioxidant capacity (3.47-7.23 mM Fe 2+ /kg) of the noodles. It was established that total polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity exhibited continuous increase in the whole gastrointestinal tracts, due to their gradual release from food matrix. Most pronounced antioxidant capacity was observed in noodles with 30% buckwheat fortification. In vivo model-experiments confirmed the presence of polyphenols in plasma as well, thus their absorption might be accomplished. Therefore, the biological values of these samples were enhanced during digestion. Supplementation prepared pseudocereal resulted in products with improved nutritional properties.
Eight N-substituted maleic acid monoamide derivatives were studied by DSC, TG (DTG) and IR techniques. The thermal studies revealed that the compounds containing a free carboxyl group start to decompose before melting, and the decomposition continues in the melt phase as the temperature is elevated. This was explained by the presence of dimers involving strong intermolecular hydrogen-bonds. This assumption concerning the structure was supported by the results of the IR spectroscopic studies.N-Substituted maleic acid amides prepared from maleic anhydride are important intermediates in the production of biologically active compounds obtained mostly in cyclization reactions. Hence, it is important to know the physical, chemical and thermal behaviour of these compounds. It may be presumed that both in the solid state and in solution (depending on the solvent) hydrogen-bonding may lead to the formation of associates. Eight different N-substituted maleic acid amides were investigated in order to test the above assumption, and to find out what kind of associates are present. Inverse gas chromatography [1], thermal analysis and IR spectrometry were used to study the compounds. The present paper briefly reports the results obtained with the latter two methods.Experimental DSC was used to follow phase transitions, and TG and DTG served to study the decomposition processes. DSC measurements were carried out
Roots of chemical engineering in Middle Europe lead to the first mining and metallurgy academies, established in VIII century in Upper Hungaria and in Bohemian Kingdom. Chemical engineering skills originate from ancient Egyptian handicraft, alchemy, technical chemistry, pneumochemistry and phlogiston chemistry. Development of mining and metallurgy coincided with great scientific discoveries and industrial revolution. In Middle Europe, the first such academies were opened in St. Joachimstahl and in Schemnitz, and the first Serbian mining engineers Djordje Branković, Vasilije Božić and Stevan Pavlović studied, as well as the first chemistry professor of the High School in Belgrade, Mihajlo Rašković. Eminent professors were employed by the Schemnitz academy, such as: Nicol Jacquin, Giovanni Scopoli, Ignaz von Born and Christian Doppler. It is important to emphasize that Shemnitz practiced the first modern, practical laboratory education. In VIII century, Schemnitz Mining and metallurgy academy was the most contemporary educational insistution for engineers. However, in XIX century, mining and metallurgy academies stagnated, due to the replacement of professional academies with polytechnic schools, technical universities and scientific research institutes
This paper describes the archaeological sites Mediana and Naisus during Late Antiquity. Microscopic imagesof bricks, and the results and analysis of XRF bricks from these archaeological sites are shown. Based on the results, it can be concluded that a similar brick exterior, and approximately the same chemical composition. One reason is, most likely, a similar chemical composition of the soil, because the archaeological sites are geographically close to each other. Another reason could be the same way bricks were producted, and that the same fuel was used in the kilns.
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