Ionospheric augmentation is one of the most important dependences of PPP-RTK. Because of the dispersive features of the ionosphere, the ionospheric information is usually coupled with satellite-and receiver-related biases. This will pose a hidden trouble of inconsistent ionospheric corrections if different numbers of reference stations are involved in calculation. In this paper, we aimed at introducing a consistent regional vertical ionospheric model (RVIM) by estimating receiver biases. We first presented the inconsistent ionospheric corrections under sparse networks. Then the RVIM is compared with the International GNSS Service (IGS) final global ionospheric map (GIM) product, and the average of differences between them is 1.13 TECU. Furthermore, the slant ionospheric corrections were employed as a reference to evaluate both RVIM and GIM. The mean RMS values are 1.48 and 2.23 TECU for the RVIM and GIM, respectively. Finally, we applied the RVIM into PPP-RTK. Results
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.