The optimized blast furnace design is the prerequisite for low-carbon smelting. The salamander depth and bosh angle are the key parameters, which determine the blast furnace longevity. In this paper, the physical and mathematical force model of deadman and cooling stave was established. The relationship between operating parameters and the salamander depth, as well as bosh angle, was analysed, and the gas flow scouring curve was proposed. The following results were obtained: first, the reasonable salamander depth/hearth diameter ratio and bosh angle should be 23∼25% and 73°∼75°in China, respectively. Second, the key factors that influence the floatation of deadman and wear of the cooling stave are the deadman voidage and the slag crust thickness, respectively. Lastly, it is necessary to adjust some measures such as coke ratio, blow velocity and tuyere length. This paper is meant for optimizing the design of blast furnace.
The tuyere is an important item of equipment for a blast furnace. However, the tuyere life of the large blast furnace can be quite short. The failure of tuyere will seriously affect the production of a blast furnace. So, it is of great significance to carry out experimental research on any damaged tuyere with a view to extending its service life. The damaged tuyere from a 5800m 3 blast furnace in China was analyzed by SEM, EDS and optical microscope. According to the results of microscopic phase analysis, the tuyere failure types are defined and classified. It is found that the tuyere failure types of the large blast furnace are mainly divided into four categories: erosion, pitting, cracking and bending. The high-temperature slag-iron repeatedly bonding and peeling off from the tuyere is the main cause of tuyere damage. Finally, the failure mechanism of different types of damaged tuyere is analyzed.
This paper investigates the application of cooling plate in a 4500m3 blast furnace in China. SEM‐EDS and an optical microscope were used to examine the affected area. The results demonstrate that using a cooling plate in a big blast furnace has a positive effect, notably in the belly and bosh areas, where the damage rate is less than 3%. While the cooling plates in the middle shaft are more severely damaged, with a damage rate of up to 55.40%. The majority of the copper cooling plate’s damage is centered in the water channel area, where there are furrows and numerous microcracks on the damaged surface, as well as a tiny quantity of metallurgical slag attached. Cracks form on both the inside and outside of the water channel, and the grains surrounding the cracks rise significantly, which is the primary cause of the cooling plate’s water leaking. The main factor of cooling plate damage in the early stage is wear, and the cracking caused by force in the later stage. The use of a copper cooling plate from the furnace bosh to the lower shaft is preferable to the use of a copper cooling stave.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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