Background: This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of S-1 and capecitabine in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma (mCRC). Methods: Eligible prospective clinical trials were searched and available data were extracted. Odds ratio and hazard ratio of available outcomes including objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse events (AEs) were pooled for analysis. Results: A total of 6 studies including 828 patients were included. The results of pooled analysis showed no statistical difference in short-term efficacy including ORR (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.68–1.19; P = .48) or DCR (95% CI: 0.65–1.29; P = .61), or long-term efficacy including PFS (95% CI: 0.75–1.08; P = .26) or OS (95% CI: 0.78–1.13; P = .50). Symptoms of diarrhea at any grade were more prevalent (95% CI: 1.21–2.29; P = .002) in patients treated with S-1, while hand-foot syndrome (HFS) at any grade (95% CI: 0.24–0.48; P < .0001) or high grade (95% CI: 0.09–0.48; P < .0001) was more frequent in capecitabine group. AEs including leucopenia, neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, vomiting, oral mucositis, stomatitis, elevated alanine transaminase, or peripheral neuropathy showed no statistical difference between S-1 and capecitabine group (all P > .05). Conclusions: This meta-analysis reveals that S-1 has comparable efficacy, lower risk of HFS and higher incidence of diarrhea compared to capecitabine for treatment in patients with mCRC.
Radiotherapy is widely used in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), whereas its effects on the NPC growth, survival, and metastases have not been completely evaluated. Here, we compared the detected metastatic NPC tissues after radiotherapy (m-NPC) to the resected primary NPC tissues prior to radiotherapy (p-NPC). We detected higher levels of Snail2 protein, but not mRNA in m-NPC, compared to p-NPC. In vitro, a modest irradiation on NPC cells resulted in significant cell death, but increased Snail2 protein, but mRNA levels in the surviving NPC cells. Bioinformatics analyses showed that miR-613, which was significantly decreased in NPC cells after irradiation, targeted the 3'-UTR of Snail2 mRNA to inhibit its translation. Moreover, miR-613 overexpression inhibited Snail2-mediated cell invasiveness, while miR-613 depletion increased Snail2-mediated cell invasiveness in NPC cells. Finally, we detected significantly lower levels of miR-613 in m-NPC, compared to p-NPC. Together our data suggest that although radiotherapy induced NPC cell death, it may increase Snail2-mediated NPC cell invasiveness through downregulating miR-613.
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