Nonlethal human recreational activities have been confirmed to have negative effect on wild animals in a number of ways, including changes in behaviors, avoidance of suitable habitats and declines in breeding success. Studies on the anti-disturbance mechanism of wild animals to human disturbance can provide valuable knowledge to the management of wild animals and the evolutionary mechanisms of behavioral adaptation to their habitats. To evaluate how blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) would react to nonlethal human recreational disturbance, we studied their anti-disturbance strategy towards human disturbance in Suyukou National Forest Park (SNFP), Helan Mountains, Yinchuan of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Using multinomial logistic regression models (MLRMs), we sought to answer two questions: (1) which kind of human recreational behavior would evoke the most serious anti-disturbance behaviors in blue sheep; and (2) how would various ecological factors influence the anti-disturbance strategy of blue sheep to human recreational disturbance? We collected 10 habitat and population variables and evaluated three kinds of reaction of blue sheep-no response, vigilance and flight. A total of 921 observations qualified to enter MLRMs. We found that habitat type (HT), gender (GEN), head direction (HD), visibility index (VI), and disturbance source (DS) were the five variables that significantly influenced the intensity of reactions of blue sheep. Blue sheep were more alert to tourists than to vehicles, and roads were the habitat type that caused the most intensive reaction of alertness where human disturbance was the highest. Females were more vigilant than males. Blue sheep might feel safer when staying in open habitat, and taking a front head direction provided them with the highest vigilance. Based on these results, we present suggestions to SNFP for the management of ecotourism and blue sheep conservation.

By implementing the quantum renormalization group method, the effective Hamiltonian of the spin-1 2 Ising model with regularly altering strengths of both the magnetic fields and the exchange couplings are first derived analytically. Then, tripartite quantum discord (QD) and entropic uncertainty (EU) of the Ising model and their quantum phase transitions are investigated. Moreover, the quantum critical points and correlation length exponents of the model are analyzed, and both the block-block EU and the site-site EU are discussed through numerical calculations. It is found that under the system size increasing, the first derivatives of both tripartite QD and block-block EU show nonanalytic and scaling behaviors near the critical point. Furthermore, the strong quantum correlations among multi-particles do not necessarily lead to the decrease of EU, as the site-site EU in the vicinity of the critical point increases due to competitions among quantum correlations. The findings may offer new insights into utilizing EU as an observable of the quantum phase transitions.

By using quantum renormalization group (QRG) approach, we first derive the effective Hamiltonian and QRG equations of the two-dimensional (2D) Ising models with two different time-dependent transverse magnetic fields analytically. Then we examine the nonanalytic and scaling behaviors of the linear-entropy-based uncertainty relation and quantum entanglement of the models near the critical point through numerical analysis. Moreover, we investigate the relation between the quantum critical point and the external magnetic field. Our results show that both the uncertainty relation and the quantum entanglement are feasible to detect the quantum phase transition (QPT), and the uncertainty relation may be a better indicator of QPT than quantum entanglement. Our findings could shed new light on the observable of the QPTs of the solid-state system with the uncertainty relation.