Solar cells and rechargeable batteries are two key technologies for energy conversion and storage in modern society. Here, an integrated solar‐driven rechargeable lithium–sulfur battery system using a joint carbon electrode in one structure unit is proposed. Specifically, three perovskite solar cells are assembled serially in a single substrate to photocharge a high energy lithium–sulfur (Li–S) battery, accompanied by direct conversion of the solar energy to chemical energy. In the subsequent discharge process, the chemical energy stored in the Li–S battery is further converted to electrical energy. Therefore, the newly designed battery is capable of achieving solar‐to‐chemical energy conversion under solar‐driven conditions, and subsequently delivering electrical energy from the stored chemical energy. With an optimized structure design, a high overall energy conversion efficiency of 5.14% is realized for the integrated battery. Moreover, owing to the self‐adjusting photocharge advantage, the battery system can retain high specific capacity up to 762.4 mAh g
−1
under a high photocharge rate within 30 min, showing an effective photocharging feature.
Reactive polymer blending is basically a flow/mixing-driven process of interfacial generation, interfacial reaction for copolymer formation, and morphology development. This work shows two antagonistic effects of flow/mixing on this process: while flow/mixing promotes copolymer formation by creating interfaces and enhancing collisions between reactive groups at the interfaces, excessive flow/mixing may pull the in situ formed copolymer out of the interfaces to one of the two polymer components of the blend, especially when the copolymer becomes highly asymmetrical.As such, the copolymer may lose its compatibilization efficiency. The mixing-driven copolymer pull-out from the interfaces is a catastrophic process (less than a minute), despite the high viscosity of the polymer blend. It depends on the molecular architecture of the reactive compatibilizer, polymer blend composition, flow/mixing intensity, and annealing. These findings are obtained using the concept of reactive compatibilizer-tracer and a model reactive polymer blend.
Lung cancer is the top cause of cancer‑associated mortality in men and women worldwide. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a subtype that constitutes ~15% of all lung cancer cases. Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs), possessing no or limited protein‑coding ability, have gained extensive attention as a potentially promising avenue by which to investigate the biological regulation of human cancer. lncRNAs can modulate gene expression at the transcriptional, post‑transcriptional and epigenetic levels. The current review highlights the developing clinical implications and functional roles of lncRNAs in SCLC, and provides directions for their future utilization in the diagnosis and treatment of SCLC.
Metal‐organic cages (MOCs) that assemble from metal ions or metal clusters and organic ligands have attracted the interest of the scientific community because of their various functional coordination cavities. Unlike metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) with infinite frameworks, MOCs have discrete structures, making them soluble and stable in certain solvents and facilitating their application as starting reagents in the further construction of single components or composite materials. In recent years, increasing progress has been made in this field. In this review, we introduce these works from the perspective of design strategies, and focus on how presynthesized MOCs can be used to construct functional materials. Finally, we discuss the challenges and development prospects in this field.
Cerium Ammonium Nitrate-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Coupling of Dithiocarbamates: Facile Synthesis of Thioureas and Bis(aminothiocarbonyl)disulfides. -The starting materials (I), (VI), and (VIII) are used as their triethylamine or DABCO salts. -(LI, T.-T.; SONG, X.-H.; WANG, M.-S.; MA*, N.; RSC Adv. 4 (2014) 75, 40054-40060, http://dx.
Reactive polymer blending is basically a flow/mixing-driven process of
interfacial generation, interfacial reaction for copolymer formation and
morphology development. This work shows two antagonistic effects of
mixing on this process: while mixing promotes copolymer formation by
creating interfaces and enhancing collisions between reactive groups at
the interfaces, excessive mixing may pull the in-situ formed copolymer
out of the interfaces to one of the two polymer components of the blend,
especially when the copolymer becomes highly asymmetrical. As such, the
copolymer may loss its compatibilization efficiency. The mixing-driven
copolymer pull-out from the interfaces is a catastrophic process (less
than a minute), despite the high viscosity of the polymer blend. It
depends on the molecular architecture of the reactive compatibilizer,
polymer blend composition, mixing intensity and annealing. These
findings are obtained using the concept of reactive
tracer-compatibilizer and a model reactive polymer blend.
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