ResumoO objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar a seleção via procedimento BLUP individual simulado (BLUPIS) versus seleção massal em famílias de irmãos-completos de cana-de-açúcar. Foram utilizadas 80 famílias originadas de cruzamentos biparentais da série RB03. O experimento foi desenvolvido em área experimental, localizado no Município de São Tomé, Paraná. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos incompletos, com cinco repetições por família. Para seleção considerou-se a variável tonelada de sólidos solúveis por hectare (TSH). Utilizou-se o modelo 35 do programa computacional Selegen REML/BLUP, via procedimento BLUPIS para a indicação do número de clones potenciais a serem selecionados. Estes resultados foram correlacionados com o número de clones selecionados via seleção massal dentro das famílias. A seleção clonal via procedimento BLUPIS indica maior número de clones promissores para caracteres quantitativos dentro de famílias com elevados efeitos genotípicos.Palavras-chave: Saccharum spp., estratégias de seleção, REML/BLUP, BLUP indidividual simulado, modelos mistos. Blupis procedure and individual selection in sugarcane AbstractThe aim of this work was to compare the selection by simulated individual BLUP procedure (BLUPIS) versus individual selection in full-sib sugarcane families. Eighty families originated from bi crosses of RB03 series were used. The experiment was carried out in an experimental area in São Tomé County, Paraná State. The experimental design was in incomplete blocks, with five replications per family. For selection, the variable soluble solids per hectare (TSH) was used. For indication of the number of potential clones to be selected, the model 35 of the software Selegen REML/BLUP by BLUPIS procedure was used. The results of BLUPIS were correlated with the number of selected clones by individual selection. The results showed that clone selection by BLUPIS procedure can indicate higher number of promising clones for quantitative trait inside families with high genotypic effects.
Avaliação farmacognostica e da rotulagem das drogas vegetais boldo-do-chile (Peumus boldusMolina RESUMO:Boldo-do-chile (Peumus boldus) e camomila (Matricaria recutita) são plantas empregadas na fitoterapia principalmente para o tratamento de desordens hepáticas e intestinais, atuando também como anti-inflamatório e antiespasmódico, respectivamente. Por isso, o presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a qualidade farmacognostica dessas drogas vegetais comercializadas em Fortaleza (CE), além das informações de suas rotulagens. Quarenta e duas amostras de boldo, e quarenta e cinco amostras de camomila, procedentes de farmácias, de lojas de produtos naturais e de bancas de raizeiros, foram analisadas quanto à autenticidade, à pureza e às informações contidas na rotulagem desses produtos conforme legislação vigente. Na verificação de impurezas, 35,7% das amostras de boldo e 57,7% das amostras de camomila excederam o teor máximo de matéria estranha; no teor de cinzas totais, 33,3% das amostras de boldo foram reprovadas; rotulagens das amostras de boldo (100%) e de camomila (96,6%) apresentaram erros ou ausência de informações. Os resultados das análises confirmam, portanto, a necessidade urgente de melhor fiscalização e intervenção na produção e venda dessas e de outras drogas vegetais para adequação às normas vigentes. Palavras-chave: droga vegetal, qualidade, Peumus boldus, Matricaria recutita, rotulagem.ABSTRACT: Pharmacognostic evaluation and analysis of labels of the medicinal plants Boldo-do-Chile (Peumus boldus Molina) and Chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.), commercialized in Fortaleza, Ceará State, Brazil. Boldo (Peumus boldus) and chamomile (Matricaria recutita) plants are mainly used in herbal medicine to treat hepatic and gastrointestinal diseases, having also anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic properties. This study aimed to evaluate the pharmacognostic quality of these herbal drugs sold in Fortaleza (CE), besides analyzing the information on their labeling. Forty-two samples of boldo, and forty-five samples of chamomile, brought from pharmacies, health food stores and newsstands were analyzed regarding their authenticity, purity, and the information contained in the labeling of the industrial products, to assure that it was in accordance with the current legislation. When verifying the impurities, 35.7% of the boldo samples and 57.7% of the chamomile ones exceeded the maximum level of strange organic matter allowed. Concerning the total ash content, 33.3% of boldo samples were rejected. The labels on the packages of boldo (100%) and chamomile (96,6%) contain errors or lack of information. The test results confirm the need for better surveillance and intervention in the production and sale of these and other drugs plants in order to meet the current standards.
The thin line between efficacy and toxicity has challenged cancer therapy. As copper is an essential micronutrient and is important to tumor biology, CuII complexes emerged as an alternative to chemotherapy; however, its biological properties need to be better understood. Thus, we report in vitro the antitumor effects of two CuII complexes named [Cu(4-fh)(phen)(ClO4)2] (complex 1) and [Cu(4-nh)(phen)(ClO4)2]·H2O (complex 2), in which 4-fh = 4-fluorophenoxyacetic acid hydrazide; 4-nh = 4-nitrobenzoic hydrazide and phen = 1,10-phenanthroline. Both complexes presented cytotoxic activity against tumor cells, but only complex 1 showed significant selectivity. Complex 1 also induced DNA-damage, led to G0/G1 arrest and triggered apoptosis, which was initiated by an autophagy dysfunction. The significant in vitro selectivity and the action mechanism of complex 1 are noteworthy and reveal this prodrug as promising for anticancer therapy.
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