Lightweight panels for indoor constructions are typically made from composite materials with honeycomb and corrugated structures. The reinforcements are used in this study, one is fiberglass and the other is cellulose fiber, which cellulose from recycled paper. Experimental results indicate that the weight of honeycomb paper panel is light, only 13.6% of fiberglass composite and 32.6% of plywood. The presence of honeycomb structure has a significant effect on mechanical behaviors of composite panels. Both flexural and compressive strengths increase by replacing corrugated structure into honeycomb structure. During compression, the compressive strength and modulus of two-layer honeycomb/core panel are higher than those of monolayer honeycomb/core. Particularly, the honeycomb cell-wall thickness has a little effect on the weight, but has an important effect on mechanical properties. These results can be created low cost and lightweight environment-friendly panels by using recycled paper honeycomb structure.
Bamboo is a natural material with a very light density compared to steel. The bamboo can replace steel to reinforce concrete or composite materials in construction. In this study, the bamboo was treated by chemical process through two steps: (1) NaOH and Na2SO3 mixture, (2) H2O2 solution. The results showed that the color of the extract and the lignin content were significantly influenced by the extraction time and the concentration of chemicals used. Similarly, in terms of the mechanical properties of the epoxy-based green composite material, there was an improvement on the values of flexural and compressive strength for the composite reinforced the treated bamboo. Research results show the potential applications of bamboo to gradually replace fiberglass in green structures, safe for humans and environmentally friendly.
In this study, the water hyacinth was used as a reinforcement of green composites. The chemicals for treatment of water hyacinth were solutions of alkaline, soap and water to determine water absorption. The chemical treated process of the water hyacinth fibers had important influences to the chemical structures and mechanical properties of the green composites. Micrographs analyses of scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed obviously roughness of fiber surface after the chemical treatment as well as arrangement of structures among the water hyacinth fibers. Similarly, the results of analysis by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) showed that most of the intensity of the absorbed peaks was decreased markedly at the wavenumbers of 1375 cm-1 and 1542 cm-1. These are related to lignin extraction with alkaline solution, effectively. In particular, the compressive strength of the water hyacinth/roving composite has high value approximately to that of fiberglass composites (unfriendly composites). The water hyacinth/roving composites have significantly improvements in flexural and compressive strengths and this proves that the environmentally friendly composite responded to high requirements for various applications.
Ipomoea Batatas L. anthocyanin extracted solution has a vibrant color, suitable for coloring in the food and cosmetic industries. The anthocyanin content in Ipomoea Batatas L. extract reached the highest value under extraction conditions at 60°C for 60 minutes. A number of recipes for green cosmetic samples are formulated and tested with concentration of Ipomoea Batatas L. extract up to 60%. The testing results show that the cosmetic samples did not contain heavy metal of lead (Pb) and did not detect mold which is safe for the health of users. The statistical tools were the checklist sheets used to evaluate the quality of cosmetic samples, designed on the basis of choosing 6 specific criteria for cosmetic quality and 5 quality evaluation levels. The study carried out survey with 320 women aged from 18 to 35 who used to test for the cosmetic samples. The results were collected and analyzed data showed that the percentage of users highly appreciated the quality of green cosmetic samples. The color formed from the extract of Ipomoea Batatas L. reaches the rate of more than 85% with the total quality of "Good" and "Excellent" levels.
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