Technetium / Extraction kinetics / Transfer coefficients / Ultracentrifuge / DiffusionSummary. The lack of published data on the extraction kinetics of Tc(VII) in the system U(VI)/HNO 3 //TBP/dodecane prompted us to investigate its transport behaviour in detail. The aim was to improve the U(VI)/Tc(VII) separation in the PUREX process. We choose the method of analytical ultracentrifugation to determine the concentration gradient profile, the initial flux density and the integral mass transport for both sides of the unstirred liquid-liquid interface as well as the overall mass transfer coefficients as a function of Tc(VII)-, U(VI)-concentrations and temperature from timedependent changes of the refractive index gradients. The results were supplemented by comparing the experimental with calculated concentration profiles, obtained by modeling a diffusion-limited extraction process. In some of the investigated systems, the transport at the interface is reaction-limited after phase contact. The determined values of J max , I, and α are discussed in terms of the extraction conditions.
Mustard seeds have been used since ancient times contributing great
economic value to global agriculture. Canada, one of the world’s top
producers, grows three main mustard varieties, white /yellow, (Brassica
hirta/ Sinapis alba), black (Brassica nigra) and Oriental (Brassica
juncea). Besides their high protein and lipid content, mustard varieties
are a rich source of phenolic compounds. This review will cover mustard
seed components including lipids, glucosinolates, and sinapates. The
latter are the main phenolic compounds in mustard and include sinapine,
sinapic acid and its conversion to canolol. The important bioactivities
associated with mustard phenolics, has led to efforts to improve the
methods for their extraction. The use of green technology is crucial for
producing these phenolics while minimizing any detrimental effects to
the environment. The important antioxidant and anticancer activities of
these phenolics will also be reviewed.
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