Objectives: To review the outcome following simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and endstage renal disease, as well as those with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and to discuss the applicability of this treatment in this locality. Methods:A systematic literature review was performed by searching the PubMed and Elsevier databases. The search terms used were "simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation", "diabetes", "pancreas transplant" and "SPK". Original and major review articles related to simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation were reviewed. Papers published in English after 1985 were included. Clinical outcomes following transplantation were extracted for comparison between different treatment methods. Outcomes of simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplant and other transplantation methods were identified and categorised into patient survival, graft survival, diabetic complications, and quality of life. Patient survivals and graft survivals were also compared. Results