Single crystals of benzamide which form hydrogen-bonded (001) bilayers are obtained from ethanol
or 1-propanol solutions. The added presence of amide cosolvent such as X-CONH2, X = CH3 or CF3, yields
very thin (001) plates which are twinned. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD) measurements from the
(001) surface of pure benzamide indicates that the surface almost exclusively exposes the phenyl substituents.
The observed GIXD data from the (001) surface of the affected crystals revealed lamellar twinning. Structural
modeling of the data showed that the top surface layer contains about 15% adsorbed amide cosolvent, all
oriented with their −X moieties exposed to air. A simple structural model has been invoked to account for the
solvent-induced twinning.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.