The prevalence of a notch in the anterior margin of the glenoid cavity of 236 scapulae (118 female, 118 male) was investigated. The notch was found in 129 scapulae (55 %) and gave rise to a pear-shaped cavity. In 107 scapulae (45 %) the notch was absent, the shape of the cavity being oval. No sex difference was found in the prevalence of the notch. If a distinct notch exists, the glenoid labrum is not attached to bone at the notch and is therefore liable to be sheared off (Bankart lesion).Key words : Skeletal anatomy ; Bankart lesions. Most of the standard anatomical textbooks describe the shape of the glenoid cavity as pear-shaped, round, oval or having an inverted comma-shape. During our examination concerning the sex dimorphism of the glenoid cavity (Prescher & Klu$ mpen, 1994, 1995 we observed that all these descriptions may be accurate, depending on the presence or absence of a distinct glenoid notch. According to Fick (1904) the glenoid notch is located at the anterior margin of the glenoid cavity. The notch is situated somewhat above the middle of the anterior margin of the cavity and can be very prominent (Fig. 1 a), very shallow ( Fig. 1 b) or absent (Fig. 1 c). Von Langer (1882) termed the glenoid notch the incisura acetabuli. It is only briefly mentioned in the paper by Huber (1991). It is remarkable that the notch is rarely mentioned in the standard anatomical textbooks although it is noted, for example, by Rouvie' re (1967), Gardner et al. (1969), Woodburne & Burkel (1988) and Grant (1989). In the French literature (Rouvie' re, 1967) it is designated as ' e! nchancrure gle! noidienne '. In addition, the notch is mentioned by Frazer (1958), who stated that the position of the notch indicates the line of the junction between the ' coracoid ' and the ' scapular ' parts of the glenoid cavity. The present study was undertaken to provide information about the prevalence of the glenoid notch, how this notch will affect the shape of the glenoid cavity, and whether a sex or side preference for the presence of the notch exists, and also to examine the relation of the glenoid notch to the glenoid labrum. For this investigation 236 unselected scapulae (118 female, 118 male) collected between 1985 and 1996 at the Anatomical Institute of the Rheinisch-Westfa$ lischen Technischen Hochschule (RWTH) in Aachen, were examined. These scapulae came exclusively from German individuals in the area of Aachen. The age and sex of each pair of scapulae were known. Contour drawings of the articular facet were produced by hand with the aid of paper stencils (Zweckform selfadhesive labels) (Prescher & Klu$ mpen, 1995) which could then be examined qualitatively for the occurrence of the glenoid notch. Scapulae with clearly recognisable degenerative, metastatic or traumatic changes involving the glenoid cavity were not included. We also examined 30 unmacerated fixed (4 % buffered formalin) or unfixed
SAMP auxiliary-derived monosubstituted diferrocenyl ketones have been subjected to ortho-metalation/functionalization reactions to prepare chiral disubstituted bisferrocenes. The reactions proceeded in low to moderate yields (20-54 %) and excellent stereoselectivities (97 -Ն 99 % ee, Ն 96 % de), however low regio-selectivities were obtained in several cases. Monosubstituted bisferrocenes, containing only a planar-chiral element, were excellent substrates in the same ortho-metalation/functionalization reaction affording disub-
A highly efficient and rapid entry to planar chiral 2monosubstituted diferrocenyl ketones is reported. Key step is the highly diastereoselective ortho-metalation of diferrocenyl ketone-SAMP-hydrazone, followed by trapping with various electrophiles. The subsequent racemisation-free cleavage of the chiral auxiliary affords the title diferrocenyl ketones 4a-g with one exception in good to very good overall yields and all with high enantiomeric excesses (ee = 97-99%).
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