Post-occupancy evaluation (POE) is a process of evaluating the performance of a building after it has been occupied for at least several years. The authors conducted a comprehensive and critical review to provide a both qualitative and quantitative introduction of POE, including a brief introduction of the history, definition and benefits of POE, a statistical analysis of 146 POE projects since 2010, a comparison of 13 existing POE protocols, a summary of emerging research focuses, and potential future research areas. The 146 POE projects were analyzed in terms of building types, countries, purposes, methods used, and key findings. The review of 13 POE 2 protocols show the state-of-the-practice POE techniques. Apart from POE projects, the authors present emerging research topics related to the visualization of POE results, analyses of occupant survey database, and measurement of occupancy. Finally, the discussion summarizes the current condition of POE research and proposes five transitions that POE efforts should pursue: from
Building Information Modeling (BIM) offers a revolutionising way to design, document and procure buildings. BIM promises to become a new international benchmark for building design and documentation across industry on the basis of improved efficiencies and collaboration capabilities. However, BIM requires rethinking current practices and process thus it calls for a paradigm shift in the way we procure, design and operate buildings. There seems no question that BIM methodologies are to become the norm in the long term but more factual evidence is required today to provide guidance to industry. This paper investigates current business drivers for BIM adoption by architecture and building engineering consultants. BIM needs to compete against well-ingrained methods to deliver projects in a fragmented and rather traditional industry. This paper investigates 47 value propositions for the adoption of BIM under a multiple case study investigation carried out in Australia and Hong Kong (Aranda-Mena et. al 2008). The selected case study projects included a range of public (1) and private (4) sector building developments of small and large scale. Findings were coded, interpreted and synthesised in order to identify the challenges and business drivers, and the paper focuses mainly on challenges and benefits for architectural and engineering consultants, contractors and steel fabricators. As a condition for the selection criteria all case studies had to be collaborating by sharing BIM data between two or more consultants / stakeholders. As practices cannot afford to ignore BIM this paper aims to identify those immediate business drivers as to provoke debate amongst the professional and academic community.
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