Students enrolled in an undergraduate chemistry class were rank ordered by their performance on a test of organizing ability. The median break was used to form two groups: good organizers (GO) and poor organizers (PO). Students within these groups were randomly assigned to treatments. Treatment I subjects received an advance organizer followed by a learning passage. Treatment II subjects received the same organizer preceeded by the learning passage. Treatment in subjects received an historical nonorganizer and the learning passage. No significant differences were observed on treatment or interaction, but GO group achieved significantly higher learning passage scores than PO group.
Achievement in college biology may depend on a student's background in high school chemistry, physics, and mathematics. The null hypothesis under test in this investigation was: For students in general college biology a t the University of Nebraska, there is no statistically significant differences (-05 level) betweeen gain scores among students (1) who (a) have not taken a high school, (b) have taken a high school, and ( c ) have taken both high school and first-year college chemistry courses; (9) who ( a ) have not and (b) have taken an elementary high school physics course; (3) who (a) have two years of high school mathematics (or have Mathematics 12), (b) have 2%-3 yr. of high school mathematics (or have Mathematics 14), and, (c) who have taken 3% or more years of high school mathematics (or have Mathematics 114) ; (4) (a) who have and, (b) who have not participated in extracurricular science activities; and (6) who have been taught by teachers with (a) 0-17, (b) 18-35, (c) 36 or more semester hours of college biological science preparation.The students completed a questionnaire listing name, student number, lecture and laboratory section, claasification, high school attended, and graduation date, name of high school biology teacher, and partici-pation in extracurricular science activities. The information was confirmed by university records. The college preparation of the teachers was obtained from the Nebraska Department of Certification and, in the case of out-of-state teachers, by direct correspondence. The population was 680 freshmen and sophomore college biology students during 196445. Junior and senior students were arbitrarily excluded because the length of time and intervening opportunities for learning between the completion of the high school course and the beginning of the college biology course. Fsilures in the first semester of general biology were excluded since they were not permitted to enroll in the second semester.The same form of the objective portion of the Advanced Biology Placement Examination was administered as a pre-and post test. The Otis Quick Scoring Test of Mental Maturity, Gamma Level and Form AM, provided the information needed to partial out academic aptitude. The first score on the Advanced Biology Placement Examination was similarly used. Statistical analysis was performed from punched cards using an IBM 7040 Computer set for a Covar program. Scholastic aptitude scores and biology pretest scores were used
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The purpose of the study was to determine if foliar applied 2,4-D is translocated in young western ragweed plants. Rhizomes of western ragweed were obtained in the field and grown in a sunroom. The plants were kept well watered and provided additional light from incandescent lamps. Radioactive 2,4-D solution in alcohol was applied to the leaves . Radineutographs were made and radioactive measurements were taken of treated plants. The counting equipment was a 455 Lionel Scaler. The bulk of the radioactive 2,4-D was retained in the treated leaves. Radioactive 2,4-D was found predominately in the upper portions of each plant. No translocation of radioactive 2,4-D to rhizomes or roots was detected . Under the conditions of the experiment there was a movement of organic solutes from rhizomes to leaves and meristems. When 2, 4-D was applied to the western ragweed any amount that was translocated accompanied these solutes.
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