This paper examines the determinants of trade balances of seven East Asian countries, using cointegration technique, error correction model, and impulse response function. Among other things, our investigation confirms the existence of J-curve effect and the results show that there are significant differences in the duration and the extent of the J-curve effect across countries. Several explanations consistent with those findings are advanced in the paper, including differences in exchange rate and trade regimes across sample countries. It is likely that liberalization of an exchange rate regime coupled with liberalization of trade may act to dampen the J-curve effect. • JEL Classifications: F1, O1•

As part of a study of nuclear power development in Japan and the United States, surveys of perceptions of risk toward 30 activities, substances, and technologies have been carried out in the Pacific Northwest and Tokyo, Japan. The results show that people in both countries have the highest level of dread toward nuclear waste disposal, nuclear accidents, and nuclear war, greater even than their dread of crime and AIDS. In addition to comparisons of dread, the paper also discusses similarities and differences between Japanese and American responses for other dimensions of risk perception.

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