Background: Dengue has been spreading in Thailand for more than 50 years, and the community prevention of dengue transmission is an important strategy to help reduce outbreaks. The larval indices surveillance system is one of the most significant prevention methods at the household and district levels. Objective: This study sought to develop a larval indices surveillance system based on a specific community context. Method: Community participation action research (CPAR) studies represent a new approach to studying the high-risk dengue area of Lansaka district, Nakhon Si Thammarat province, Thailand. This study was conducted for 2 years (from 2013 to 2015) and applied the integrated concepts of 1) community capacity building, 2) epidemiology, 3) research design for health development, and 4) an online computer program. The method included five phases: 1) community preparation, 2) situation assessment, 3) the development of the surveillance system, 4) implementation, and 5) evaluation. Results: The model was designed in partnership with all the stakeholders from 44 villages across 5 sub-districts. The surveillance system consisted of seven steps at the household level based on primary care surveillance centers (PCSCs), as well as four components at the district level based on district surveillance centers (DSCs). The dengue morbidity rate decreased from 164, 151, and 135 cases/100,000 people in 2014, 2015, and 2016, respectively. Moreover, knowledge of both dengue and larval indices among village health volunteers (VHVs) increased significantly (p < .01). Conclusions: The results from the new system showed a decrease in both the larval indices level and morbidity rate; however, the levels remained higher than the standard. The active surveillance system requires continuous monitoring at both the household and district levels.

Objective: The purpose of this research was to examine the effect of a self-efficacy enhancement program on perceived self-efficacy and cervical cancer screening among women. Methods: This research was quasi-experimental research, using the subjects consisted of 130 samples; each of the experimental and control group consisted of 65 samples. The experimental group received a self-efficacy enhancement program. The control group received knowledge and usual care by health personnel in the health promoting hospital. The duration of the research was 8 weeks. The self-efficacy was testing the reliability equal to 0.90. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and t-test. Results: The mean scores of perceived self-efficacy between the experimental and control group before using the program (M=2.18, S.D.=0.40; M=2.22, S.D.=0.39), there was no significantly different (p> 0.05). The mean scores of perceived self-efficacy between the experimental and control group after using the program (M=4.11, S.D.=0.44; M=2.28, S.D.=0.42), there was a significantly different (p< 0.001). The mean scores of perceived self-efficacy of the experimental group before and after using the program were higher, (M=2.18, S.D.=0.40; M=4.11, S.D.=0.44), there was a significantly different (p< 0.001). The experimental group came to screening 64 people (98.5 %), and the control group came to screening eight people (12.3 %), calculated ratio as 8:1 and compared the cervical cancer screening in the experimental and control group had differences significantly (p< 0.001). Conclusion: The self-efficacy enhancement program, resulting in increased screening rates and screened after the first week by having most screening tests in the community. Therefore, the program should be applied, and proactive services should be provided for women to have access in community and a health service place.

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Children under two years old are at risk for anemia because young children have an increased need for iron for their physical growth and brain development. The purpose of this study was designed to evaluate the effects of a caregiver potential support program on anemia prevention in children six months to two years old attending the subdistrict health-promoting hospital in Thasala District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province. This study was quasi-experimental. The sample included children aged six months to two years old and their caregivers, who were selected by random sampling and allocated to either the experimental or control group, with 40 pairs per group. The experimental group received a potential support program, while the control group received regular care. Both groups were followed for 12 weeks. The instruments used were the potential caregiver assessment, children&rsquo;s anemia assessment, and a program to support the potential of primary caregivers. Descriptive statistics, chi-square, and t-tests were used to analyze the data. The results revealed that 11.4% of the children had anemia, and a hematocrit count of less than 33% (range = 30-40, M = 34.89, SD = 1.97). The mean scores of knowledge about anemia and iron supplementation after using the program in the experimental group and control group were significantly different (p &lt; 0.001). The mean scores of knowledge about anemia in the experimental and control group were 15.75, SD = 0.54, and 13.28, SD = 1.43 respectively. The mean scores of knowledge about iron supplementation in the experimental and control group were 10.75, SD = 0.49, and 8.15, SD = 1.54 respectively. It was found that the experimental group had a higher mean score on food care behaviors than the control group for 6-11 months and 1-2 years, with statistical significance. The experimental group also had a higher mean score of care behaviors concerning children&rsquo;s consumption of medicine than the control group (M = 58.20, SD = 4.05; M = 45.78, SD = 9.66, respectively), (p &lt; 0.001). The mean score of the hematocrit level for the experimental group was found to be higher than the control group after receiving the program (M = 35.80, SD = 1.55; M = 34.83, SD = 2.14, respectively), (p &lt; 0.05). Therefore, healthcare providers should support caregivers' capacity to provide continued care for children to prevent anemia.

In this study, we aimed to see how a student potential support program affected drowning prevention among primary school students in Nakhon Si Thammarat. This study was quasi-experimental. The sample consisted of students in Grades 1–6 who were randomly selected based on the inclusion criteria. The experimental and control groups had 120 participants. The experimental group was given the program (House, 1981), while the control group was to resume normal activities. The program lasted 8 weeks. The research instruments and data collection included the program and assessment forms on knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors in drowning prevention. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square statistics, paired sample t-tests, and independent t-tests were employed for the analysis of the data. The results show that the samples were 7–12 years of age (M = 9.50, SD = 1.72), with male and female students accounting for 37.5, and 62.5 percent, respectively; and 73.33 percent of them lived with their parents. The mean scores of the students in the control and experimental groups before using the program had no statistically significant differences in knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors (p > 0.05). As for the mean scores of the students’ potential for drowning prevention in the experimental group before and after using the program, it was found that after the program there was a marked increase in all aspects with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001): before and after in knowledge (M = 17.08, SD = 3.22; M = 19.15, SD = 1.79, respectively), before and after in attitudes (M = 48.48, SD = 6.24; M = 55.23, SD = 4.66, respectively), and before and after in behaviors (M = 17.97, SD = 3.13; M = 21.00, SD = 2.50, respectively). The mean scores of the students’ potential for drowning prevention in the experimental group after using the program was higher than in the control group, with statistically significant differences in all aspects (p < 0.001): in the experimental group, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors (M = 19.15, SD = 1.79; M = 55.23, SD = 4.66; M = 21.00, SD = 2.50; respectively); and in the control group, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors (M = 16.15, SD = 3.22; M = 48.37, SD = 3.61; M = 17.85, SD = 2.64; respectively). The program can help students develop better drowning prevention knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. It can assist students in being able to protect themselves from drowning in risky situations.