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Global demand for wood and paper products is increasing rapidly. While decades of work to tackle trade in illegal timber have established legal and sustainable supply chains for timber and wood-based products in many areas, the share of the global market supplied by illegal exports remains significant and the forest sector needs to contribute more effectively to sustainable development and the establishment of resilient land and forest economies. Improvements in forest policy and governance underpin remarkable progress in some countries. In others, however, institutional and structural obstacles have meant that reforms have been poorly implemented, and illegal practices remain widespread. Efforts at sustainable forest management have been undermined in some producer countries, leading to deforestation together with a loss of revenues and other economic benefits for governments and citizens. Artisanal and small-scale timber producers have often been the hardest hit. This paper considers the effectiveness of international efforts since 2003 to reduce illegality in supply chains for wood-based products, and the critical importance of cross-sectoral approaches, inclusive and transparent processes, and effective law enforcement. Applied to supply chains for forest risk commodities, inclusive approaches to both implementation and monitoring can help secure the effectiveness of ongoing forest governance reform.

O presente artigo aborda o tema licitação sustentável enquanto instrumento econômico para os processos de compras e contratações da administração pública. A análise do tema se dá por meio de sua abordagem no projeto Rede Amigos da Amazônia (RAA) e tem como recorte de estudo os produtos e subprodutos de madeira nativa amazônica. A análise de como o tema da compra responsável de madeira nativa amazônica ingressa no âmbito da gestão pública subnacional é realizada a partir das experiências dos governos dos municípios de Sorocaba, Porto Alegre, São Paulo e do estado de São Paulo. Ao estudar os diferentes motivos pelos quais esses governos aderiram aos programas Cidades e Estados Amigos da Amazônia-antes desenvolvidos pelo Greenpeace Brasil e desde 2008 integrados em uma rede articulada pela Fundação Getulio Vargas-foi possível identificar os principais fatores que influenciaram o desenvolvimento das práticas de compras públicas responsáveis da madeira.

While international trade in agricultural commodities can spur economic development especially where governance is strong, there are also concerns about the local impacts of commodity production and their distribution. Previous frameworks have primarily focused on trade effects on environmental conditions in production regions, as well as economic growth and food security. Instead, we develop a conceptual framework for understanding the impact of agricultural trade on multidimensional wellbeing and equity. The purpose of the framework is to guide the analysis of the impacts of trade on people, by identifying the core concepts and organising the complexity of the local social impacts of global value chains. The framework is supported by evidence from studies on trade in soy, coffee, cocoa, and palm oil.

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Aumento da produção de pesquisas em gestão ambiental ocorreu após conferências internacionais sobre ambiente e desenvolvimento, embora os primeiros grupos de pesquisa da USP tenham se formado na década de 1980. Elas são majoritariamente ligadas às Ciências Sociais Aplicadas e aos temas produção, planejamento e economia. A USP é reativa à inserção da temática em seus programas, mas gestão ambiental ainda é periférica.

While international trade in agricultural commodities can spur economic development especially where governance is strong, there are also concerns about the local impacts of commodity production and their distribution on the environment and on people. The sustainable development goals (SDGs), though seeing trade as a means to support their achievement, recognise the need to address potential negative social and environmental impacts. It is therefore important to assess the contribution of international trade to the SDGs in commodity production areas. The environmental impacts of commodity production are widely acknowledged, but much less is known about its social impacts, and how this affects poverty reduction objectives across different dimensions. Impacts on human wellbeing and equity depend on a multitude of factors, including resources, systemic conditions and outputs of production. Through a broad literature review on soy, coffee, cocoa and palm oil, we show how studies

Background: International and market forces are key drivers of deforestation and forest degradation, with transnational and market-based solutions in land-use and forest governance often missing economic, distributive, and environmental targets. Methods: This paper tackles both the framing and effectiveness of transnational initiatives affecting forest lands and peoples in the Global South, and the quality of relationships between institutions in the Global North and the Global South. Through more equitable research partnerships, this paper draws lessons from case studies in Indonesia (legality verification system in different forest property regimes), the Democratic Republic of the Congo (lifting of a moratorium on new logging concession), and Brazil (FSC in the Amazon region and the Amazon Fund). Results: International partnerships have privileged market-based instruments and commodity exchange between Global South and Global North countries, and the benefits of such mechanisms are unevenly distributed. Complementary and alternative policy instruments are discussed for each geography. Conclusions: Glocalizing land-use and forest governance implies in advancing equitable research partnerships between institutions in the Global South and Global North, and strengthening a community of practice for critical enquiry and engagement in partnerships for sustainable development. Land-use, climate and forest governance mechanisms must redress power dynamics, and partnership models, and commit to improving well-being and sustainable livelihood outcomes.