SUMMARYIn this study we investigated the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy, alone or combined with the pentavalent antimonial glucantime on Leishmania amazonensis infection. In parallel, the effect of Brazilian red propolis gel (propain) alone or combined with glucantime on L. amazonensis infection was evaluated. The inhibition of the infection in macrophages treated with glucantime in combination with HBO exposition was greater than that of macrophages treated with glucantime alone or HBO alone. The susceptible mouse strain BALB/c infected in the shaved rump with L. amazonensis treated with glucantime and exposed to HBO showed: time points in the course of the disease in which lesions were smaller than those of mice treated with glucantime alone and revascularization of the skin in the lesion site; interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels were not elevated in lymph node cells from these animals. Propain alone was not efficient against lesions, although less exudative lesions were observed in animals treated with propain alone or combined with glucantime. These results reveal the potential value of HBO and red propolis in combination with glucantime for treating cutaneous leishmaniasis and encourage further studies on the effect of more aggressive HBO, propolis and glucantime therapies on different mouse models of leishmaniasis.

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Menopause marks the end of women's reproductive period and can lead to sarcopenia and osteoporosis (OP), increasing the risk of falls and fractures. The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of normal and low bone mineral density (BMD) on muscular activity, observed through inflammatory edema when mapping using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on the quadriceps muscle of postmenopausal women. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving 16 older women, who were divided into two groups: osteoporosis group (OG), older women with OP, and control group (CG), older women without OP. The groups were evaluated in terms of nuclear MRI exam before and after carrying out fatigue protocol exercises using an isokinetic dynamometer and squatting exercises. RESULTS:The results of the present study showed that in intragroup comparisons, for both groups, there was a significant increase (po0.05) in the T2 signal of the nuclear MRI in the quadriceps muscle after carrying out exercises using both thighs. In the intergroup comparison, no statistically significant difference was observed between the OG and CG, pre-(p=0.343) and postexercise (p=0.874). CONCLUSION:The acute muscular activation of the quadriceps evaluated by T2 mapping on nuclear MRI equipment is equal in women with and without OP in the postmenopausal phase. BMD did not interfere with muscle response to exercise when muscle fatigue was reached.

2012Autorizo a reprodução e divulgação total ou parcial deste trabalho, por qualquer meio convencional ou eletrônico, para fins de estudo e pesquisa, desde que citada a fonte. DedicatóriaDedico este trabalho aos meus pais, Eliana R. Fedele, Ferdinando Fedele e Barbara A. Fedele, que sempre fizeram tudo por mim.À minha esposa Andreia Regina S.M. Fedele e aos meus filhos, Dimitri M.Fedele e Nicolas M. Fedele, pelo apoio nesta luta travada diariamente. AgradecimentosÀ Deus sobre todas as coisas.Aos meus pais e esposa que sempre me incentivaram e dividiram comigo todos os momentos desta caminhada.Ao Prof. Dr. Durvanei Augusto Maria pelos grandes ensinamentos, atenção, incentivo e carinho.À minha irmã Barbara, sogra Regina e amiga Elisabete que sempre me apoiaram e cuidaram dos meus filhos na minha ausência.Aos grandes amigos que ganhei durante esta caminhada Adilson Kleber, Alvaro e a toda a equipe do laboratório.Ao Prof. Dr. Alvicler Magalhães e ao Prof. Dr. Luiz A. Colnago pelo exemplo de profissionalismo e por me ensinarem os princípios de uma das tecnologias mais complexas já desenvolvidas pela humanidade: a Ressonância Magnética Nuclear.Ao amigo e Prof.Dr. Homero Farias pelos valiosos ensinamentos e pela avaliação estatística.Um trabalho e uma carreira não se constroem sozinhos, são necessários muitos e muitos parceiros nesta longa caminhada; ganhei muito mais que parceiros, são verdadeiros amigos, entre professores, alunos e amigos, que estarão no meu coração para sempre. Seria impossível elencar todos aqui, então a todo meu muito obrigado! À banca de qualificação pelas valiosas sugestões. The metabolome is defined as the qualitative and quantitative collection of all low weight molecular metabolites in cells that participate in biochemical reactions necessary for the maintenance, growth and physiology of cell. The metabolomic evaluation allows the design of systems of biochemical process in order to broaden the understanding of how diseases manifest. The Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR) is used for investigating a variety of biological processes in several systems. The magnetics applied to cell and tissue biopsies intact murine melanoma B16F10 contributed to the biochemical characterization of biomarkers of different stages of tumor progression of murine melanoma B16F10. The results obtained in this study allowed the identification of 33 potential metabolites involved in lipid content in the secondary metabolism of the glycolytic pathway, which promote growth and tumor progression. The presence of taurine, proline, serine, phenylalanine, which quantitatively increased, is possibly markers of invasion and metastasis progression. Quantitative analysis of these metabolites showed a significant difference in 11 compounds, of which 9 are directly involved in the expression of proliferative responses, cell death and angiogenesis in different periods of growth of B16F10 melanoma, evaluated in this study. Thus, the findings from this study, when associated in the future with other factors, may be useful ...