Eastern Northeast Brazil (ENEB) generally experiences a high variability in precipitation in the dry season, with amplitudes that can overcome 500 mm. The understanding of this variability can help in mitigating the socioeconomic issues related to the planning and management of water resources this region, which is highly vulnerable to drought. This work aims to assess spatio-temporal variability of precipitation during the dry season and investigate the relationships between climate phenomena and drought events in the ENEB, using univariate (Spearman correlation) and multivariate statistical techniques, such as Principal Component Analysis, Cluster Analysis, and Maximum Covariance Analysis. The results indicate that the variability of precipitation in the dry season can be explained mainly (62%) by local physical conditions and climate conditions have a secondary contribution. Further analysis of the larger anomalous events suggests that the state of Atlantic and Pacific oceans can govern the occurrence of those events, and the conditions of Atlantic Ocean can be considered a potential modulator of anomalous phenomena of precipitation in ENEB.
In Brazil, the northeastern region (NEB) is considered one of the most vulnerable areas of the country in terms of precipitation variability due to frequent drought episodes during the rainy season. Differently from the Northern NEB (NNEB), where dry season is consistently dry, the Eastern NEB (ENEB) exhibits a high interannual variability of precipitation during the dry season, including years exceeding 400 mm. This work aims at understanding key large-scale climate factors that modulate the high pluviometric variability of ENEB during the dry season. Multivariate statistical techniques were applied to identify the time-frequency relationship between precipitation variability and global climate phenomena. The results suggested that hydrological extreme events during the dry season became more frequent after the 1990s. Moreover, our findings also indicated a relationship, at multiannual time scales, between the state of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Atlantic Meridional Mode (AMM) and precipitation variability during the dry season. This additional knowledge may contribute to the formation of new perspectives of drought management, leading support to the development of a long-term drought forecasting framework, as well as to the improvement of the water resources management of the region. such as ENSO [13][14][15] and/or anomalous position or intensity of the Intertropical Convergence Zone-ITCZ due to sea surface temperature (SST) variabilities in the tropical Atlantic Ocean [8,16,17]. The NEB is exposed to different spatial-temporal rainfall regimes throughout the year. Precipitation at the Northern NEB (NNEB) is characterized by a rainy season from January to May marked by expressive interannual variability [8,16,18,19], and a dry season from June to December characterized by very low amounts of precipitation (near zero). On the other hand, Eastern NEB (ENEB) has the highest annual average precipitation of the NEB, with a wet season from March to August, is also susceptible to annual variations [20,21], but in a different way than the NNEB, while the ENEB dry season might receive substantial amount of precipitation in some years.Many studies have been conducted in order to analyze and characterize such interannual variability of precipitation in NEB, which, however, were predominantly focused on NNEB rainy season [8,10,17,[22][23][24][25][26]. There is also a growing interest in understanding the dynamics of the precipitation variability over the ENEB [18,20,[27][28][29][30]. However, most of these are focused on the rainy season of the region, its relationship with Atlantic SST patterns and the occurrence of easterly wave disturbance over the tropical Atlantic [18,19,31]. Nevertheless, the dry season in the ENEB may also exhibit high variabilities in terms of volume precipitated, as seen recently (e.g., 96 mm was precipitated in 2016-2017, and more than 400 mm in 2017-2018), and low-rainfall indices during the dry season of this region may directly impact basic economic activities (i.e., mainly rainfe...
A escassez dos recursos hídricos impulsiona a busca por técnicas inovadoras capazes de motivar o aproveitamento de águas pluviais, viabilizando a economia de água potável e reduzindo a escassez, simultaneamente. Diante disso, o presente estudo busca estimar o valor necessário investido em três municípios do sertão alagoano em sistemas de aproveitamento de água pluvial. Para tal, foi mensurada neste trabalho a capacidade de aproveitamento de água de chuva para três municípios que estão localizados no extremo oeste de Alagoas, após isso, foi orçado o sistema necessário para condução de água da chuva e por fim, foi analisado o investimento à luz do Plano Plurianual do estado de Alagoas. Resultados apontam que as cidades possuem potencial de aproveitamento de água pluvial acima de 50%, na esfera orçamentária encontrou-se um investimento na ordem 4,6 milhões de reais que quando confrontando com as políticas públicas, mostrou-se que este investimento representa menos de 1% do que foi previsto para Plano Plurianual do estado, voltado para obras e alternativas de abastecimento de água. A efetivação desta política trará benefícios nas diversas esferas da sociedade, como geração de renda, saúde pública e crescimento econômico.
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