This study aimed to investigate the effects of temperature inversions on the concentration of some pollutants in the atmosphere in Hanoi City, Vietnam, during the period from 2011 to 2015. This work also aimed to evaluate relationships between the thermal inversion and health effects that are associated with air pollution. During this period, the temperature inversions were most frequently presenting from November to March in Hanoi City. Air quality data was gathered from air quality monitoring stations located in the study area. The data showed that levels of NO, SO, PM and PM increased when the inversions strengthened. Cases of two types of diseases (acute respiratory diseases and cardiovascular diseases), which are linked to atmospheric air pollution, were considered on number of patients under 15 and above 60 years old at National Geriatric Hospital and National Otorhinolaryngology Hospital. There was significant increase in the daily average number of hospital visits with increasing surface-based inversions. The statistical analysis showed that the temperature inversions correlated with concentration of air pollutants and the number of patients in 5 years.
Abstract:This paper assesses the risk of lead and cadmium heavy metals on Cyprinus carpio in laboratory conditions. The research determined the 96 hours LC50 value of lead nitrate and cadmium nitrate in the fish Cyprinus carpio. This study combined the ecological toxicology test with the ecological hazard description to determine the acute toxicity effects of lead and cadmium on Cyprinus carpio. Ecological toxicology took place in 96 hours with test concentration of 0.25; 0.5; 1.0; 1.5; 2.0 mg/l on lead and 0.5; 1.0; 1.5; 2.0; 3.0 mg/l on cadmium. Through probit analysis, the LC50 after 96 hours of lead and cadmium in Cyprinus carpio was found to be 0.987 mg/l and 1.171 mg/l, respectively. Through monitoring the biological behaviour of Cyprinus carpio when exposed to lead and cadmium, it was observed that the number of deaths is proportional to the concentration of chemical exposure time. The abnormal morphology and behaviour of the fish also increased with testing time and lead and cadmium concentration. Cyprinus carpio also absorbs lead and cadmium in its body; the cumulative content is similar as above.
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