The results of the study on the distribution and environmental characteristics of Peanut Worms (Phascolosoma arcuatum, Gray 1828) in Can Gio mangrove forest show that: Peanut Worms live in the areas which have flood level < 1m, flood time < 30%, the topography from 0.8m to 1.7m and in the depth from 10 cm to 30 cm. They live in the soil from silty clay loam to clay which is quite porous, high humid, from acidic to neutral, organic-rich, heavy salty and less aluminous. The average density of the Peanut Worms is 7.44 individual/m2. Peanut Worms density in mixed mangrove forest is higher than that in planting Rhizophora apiculata forest and depends on the compartments. It is forecasted that the distribution area of Peanut Worms in Can Gio mangrove forest is about 24,323 ha and the caches of Peanut Worms are about from 285,600 kg to 535,500 kg/year.
The black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) is the widely cultured aquaculture species in Vietnam and worldwide. Production of P. monodon postlarvae still relies on the wild broodstock due to their higher fecundity and larval quality in comparison with the domesticated broodstock. Therefore, the current study applied an RNA-sequencing approach by the Illumina platform to generate the transcriptomic resources for the wild and domesticated females at the previtellogenic stage of ovaries (stage 0). Total clean reads were 20,977,708 for the wild female and 31,185,197 for the domesticated female. De novoassembly was employed to generate 35,870 contigs with an average length of 1,018 bp and N50 length of 1,488 bp. The ratios of contigs possessing significant similarity through annotation across seven databases ranged from 19.74 to 47.77%. Top hit species from BLASTx searches included Hyalella azteca, Cryptotermes secundus, Zootermopsis nevadensis, followed by Penaeus sp.. We identified a total of 5,788 differentially expressed transcripts between the ovaries of wild and domesticated shrimps. The differentially expressed transcripts were further enriched according to the classification terms of Gene Ontology (GO). Results of GO enrichment analysis in the wild female indicated that many genes such as hemolymph clottable, peritrophin, ecdysteroid were up-regulated while the following genes, including serine protease, alpha-L-fucosidase-like, actin, catenin alpha were down-regulated. The current study provides more transcriptomic resources for the reproductive trait in P. monodon. These resources are potentially applied for the improvement of reproduction in the domesticated shrimp.
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