In this survey, we review the existing game-theoretic approaches for cyber security and privacy issues, categorizing their application into two classes, security and privacy. To show how game theory is utilized in cyberspace security and privacy, we select research regarding three main applications: cyber-physical security, communication security, and privacy. We present game models, features, and solutions of the selected works and describe their advantages and limitations from design to implementation of the defense mechanisms. We also identify some emerging trends and topics for future research. This survey not only demonstrates how to employ game-theoretic approaches to security and privacy but also encourages researchers to employ game theory to establish a comprehensive understanding of emerging security and privacy problems in cyberspace and potential solutions.

Large-scale Internet applications, such as content distribution networks, are deployed in a geographically distributed manner and emit massive amounts of carbon footprint at the data center. To provide uniform low access latencies, Cisco has introduced Fog computing as a new paradigm which can transform the network edge into a distributed computing infrastructure for applications. Fog nodes are geographically distributed and the deployment size at each location reflects the regional demand for the application. Thus, we need to control the fraction of user traffic to data center to maximize the social welfare. In this paper, we consider the emerging problem of joint resource allocation and minimizing carbon footprint problem for video streaming service in Fog computing. To solve the largescale optimization, we develop a distributed algorithm based on the proximal algorithm and alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). The numerical results show that our algorithm converges to near optimum within fifteen iterations, and is insensitive to step sizes.

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We consider the sum-rate optimization problem with power control for uplink transmission in a heterogeneous network (HetNet) consisting of a macrocell and multiple femtocells. The considered problem includes the HetNet's crucial constraints of both cross-tier interference protection and user QoS in terms of outage probability and average delay. We transform the original nonconvex problem into a convex problem and develop a distributed algorithm that can attain the global optimal transmit power values. This algorithm, however, has heavy network overheads, which may lead to increased energy consumption for femtocell user equipment. We propose a new practical near-optimal distributed algorithm that eliminates these network overheads. Numerical results show that the schemes have nearly identical performance.Index Terms-Power control, femtocell networks, interference management, optimization theory.

We report on magnetic, transport, and cohesive properties of Er(Co1−xSix)2 compounds in varying external conditions (T,H,p). The localized Er 4f magnetic moments in ErCo2 order ferromagnetically below TC=33 K. The Co 3d band states form no moment above TC, but below TC the majority and minority 3d sub-bands split due to strong 4f−3d exchange interaction. Consequently, Co moments of ∼1 μB appear coupled antiparallel to the Er moments. This is accompanied by a ∼50% resistivity drop and an abrupt lattice expansion. The sharp magnetization, resistivity, and volume anomalies in the critical temperature region indicate a first order magnetic phase transition. Detailed comparative studies reveal that the onset of Co magnetizm appears at T0∼(TC−1) K. Si substitution for Co enhances both, TC (up to 66 K for x=0.1) and ΔT=TC−T0, but the lattice parameter remains unchanged. In opposite, both the magnetovolume and resistivity anomaly at T0 become reduced. Pressure effect on TC(T0) is large and negative, ∂ ln TC/∂p∼−28 Mbar−1 for all x⩽0.1. Also the resistivity drop at T0 and the magnetovolume effect (ωs=3 ΔL/L=4.2×10−3 in ErCo2) below T0 become reduced with increasing pressure. The latter is reflecting reduction of the Co moment gained below T0.