Driver, vehicle, public road, and farm enterprise characteristics were examined for their combined association with farm vehicle public road crash group membership. North Carolina farms experiencing a public road crash from 1992 to 2003 (n=200) were compared with a non-crash control group (n=185) for a 1:1 case:control ratio. Five characteristics were associated with increased odds of crash group membership in the combined model (likelihood ratio=175.95; d.f.=15; p<.001): use of non-English speaking drivers (OR=3.71); use of non-family hired help drivers (OR=4.25); types of non-farm vehicle public road use (OR=1.39); farm injury history (OR=1.33); and, use of younger farm vehicle drivers (OR=1.02). Farms reporting older farm vehicle drivers (OR=0.97), and low farm income (OR=0.29) were less likely crash group members. Recommendations are discussed for incorporating findings into farm vehicle crash prevention research and interventions.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Motor vehicle crash fatalities involving pedestrians result in 1.8 deaths per 100,000 population annually in the US. Most of these fatalities are attributed to the pedestrian not being seen in time for the driver to avoid a collision, particularly under poor lighting conditions. Previous research shows that reflective clothing worn at night significantly increases a pedestrian's visual conspicuity to drivers, especially when worn on a part of the body that moves. The purpose of the present research was to examine pedestrians' willingness to pay an additional dollar amount for clothing providing increased conspicuity at night. Two studies were conducted with sample sizes of n = 340 and 325, respectively, comprised of university students and non-students. Findings from these two studies suggest that over 49 percent of respondents would be willing to pay an additional amount ($33 versus $30) for a sweat shirt or jacket, and over 60 percent would pay the same additional amount for athletic shoes. These findings suggest that a relatively large segment of the population are interested in and would be willing to spend more for clothing with reflective material. In both studies, significantly more women than men selected the reflective material option. Respondents spending more time outdoors at dusk or at night walking, running or jogging professed a significantly greater willingness to purchase the reflective clothing than respondents reporting spending less time outdoors at dusk or after dark. Implications for product marketing and future research are discussed.

Motor vehicle crashes involving pedestrians result in 1.8 deaths per 100,000 population annually in the U.S. Most of these fatalities are attributed to pedestrians not being seen in time for the driver to avoid a collision, particularly under poor visibility conditions. Previous research shows that reflective clothing worn at night can substantially increase pedestrians' visual conspicuity to drivers. The purpose of the present research was to examine people's desire for reflective trim on their clothing. Findings of strong desirability for reflective trim could prompt its incorporation into garments available to the public, and thus, potentially decrease pedestrian-related motor vehicle accidents. The present study measured the extent to which people are willing to pay extra or less for clothing with reflective material compared to the same items without reflective material. People reported they are willing to pay more for reflective material on sports-related, children's and inclement-weather clothing. Implications for safety and future research are discussed.

No abstract

In previous research, farmers identified farm-vehicle public-road crashes as their top safety concern. In addition, they indicated other drivers' lack of respect as a major safety problem. One purpose of this research was to iden* non-farm vehicle driver attitudes, beliefs and self-reported driving behaviors that are associated with disrespectful public road behavior toward farm vehicles. A second purpose was to examine the relationship between non-fm vehicle driver attitudes, beliefs and behaviors and how they interpret farm vehicle driver hand signals. Pearson correlations (n = 267) assisted in categorizing nonfarm vehicle drivers into low-, medium-, and high-risk driver profiles. Drivers growing up on or near a farm significantly more strongly interpreted a description of a farm vehicle driver's hand signal to indicate a left turn. Responses of drivers not growing up on or near a farm were more variable. Implications for preventing disrespectful driver behavior and avoiding incorrect interpretation of farm vehicle driver signals are discussed.