The subcutaneous insulin double-checking preparation procedure led to less insulin administration errors; however, timing errors were most prevalent and are not resolved with double-checking interventions.

A ortic stenosis is caused by narrowing of the orifice of the aortic valve and leads to obstruction of left ventricular outflow. This stenosis is rare in persons less than 50 years old.1 Calcification of the aortic valve is the most common cause of aortic stenosis in adults in industrialized countries and affects more than 4% of North American and Europeans more than 75 years old.2 In a study 3 of 338 North American patients with severe asymptomatic aortic stenosis, the mean age was 71 (SD, 15) years. Aortic stenosis was also associated with higher morbidity and mortality rates than were diseases involving other cardiac valves. 4 For example, in a study 5 of 161 patients, patients with moderate and

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