Objective To investigate the clinicopathological findings of women diagnosed with breast cancer and study the impact of chronic psychological stress on the pathological characteristics of these tumors.Methods We investigated a cohort composed of women diagnosed with breast cancer and divided into two groups. One group was categorized as presenting with chronic psychological stress (by using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire − SRQ-20). Another group of women with breast cancer, but with no previous history of chronic psychological stress, comprised the Control Group. Clinical and pathological data were assessed.Results Women presenting with a history of chronic distress were significantly overweight when compared to the Control Group. Furthermore, it was observed that these stressed women also had a significant percentage of aggressive breast cancer subtype, the HER2 amplified tumor, which could be putatively associated with the loss of immunosurveillance.Conclusion Our findings suggested an interaction among chronic psychological stress, overweight, and the development of more aggressive breast tumors.
Leptin is a small polypeptide codified by the Obese Gene (OB), deeply related with the body fat mass and energetic balance. Due to its diverse biological effects and downstream signal transducers, multiple classifications have been attributed to leptin, as hormone, cytokine, adypokine, growth factor, and developmental factor, among others. This scenario gives us an idea of the size of the potential biological effects generated by this molecule. The concentration of leptin in the body is determined by the amount of adipose tissue; therefore, hyperleptinemia is a common finding in obese individuals. In addition, high levels of circulating leptin may confer a poor prognosis for any pathological condition. Although leptin history has been reported for more than 20 years, its relationship with cancer has gained notoriety in the past ten years, where studies focused on discussing the issue of obesity as a strong risk factor for cancer developing. Further, growing evidences have pointed leptin as a pivotal mediator of immune response, which aggravates the scenario of cancer occurrence in the presence of obesity. Therefore, leptin can present at least two faces in the pathogenesis of breast cancer, acting by immune and non-immune mechanisms. In this paper we review the dynamic of the leptin axis in breast cancer and further discuss its role in disease, immunopathogenesis and prognosis.
O aumento da incidência de câncer na população brasileira alerta para a necessidade de implantação de medidas de rastreamento baseadas na busca ativa de novos casos. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho avaliou o impacto de um programa itinerante de rastreamento dos cânceres de mama, colo de útero, próstata e pele realizado pelo Serviço Social da Indústria (Sesi) no período de 1 ano, em 22 municípios do estado do Paraná. O estudo é descritivo, com banco de dados secundários e abordagem quantitativa, referente ao programa Cuide-se Mais do Sesi Paraná. Através de uma unidade móvel, foram realizadas análises da superfície da pele, coleta de Papanicolau em mulheres de 25 a 69 anos, mamografia em mulheres com idade entre 40 e 69 anos e dosagem de Antígeno Prostático Específico (PSA) em homens de 45 a 69 anos de 22 municípios do Paraná. Foram atendidos 4679 trabalhadores paranaenses em 202 empresas, realizadas 4120 palestras de orientações e 1346 oficinas de prevenção. As lesões avaliadas em pele suspeitas para câncer corresponderam a 3,4% do total de 3054 exames. Foram realizadas 873 mamografias, e encaminhados 11 casos de lesões suspeitas no exame de Papanicolau de um total de 2073 coletas. O PSA esteve alterado em 8 homens de um total de 1308 exames. A instalação da unidade móvel dentro da empresa quebra duas barreiras de impedimento dos trabalhadores realizarem seus exames preventivos: a sociocultural e a institucional. Desta forma, programas e ações de rastreamento do câncer podem contribuir para o diagnóstico precoce desta patologia, especialmente na população em idade economicamente produtiva.
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