Abstract. Saensouk S, Boonma T, Saensouk P. 2021. Six new species and a new record of Curcuma L. (Zingiberaceae) from Thailand. Biodiversitas 22: 1658-1685. All six new species and a new record of Curcumawere described with detailed illustrations, photographs, summaries for their distribution, ecology, IUCN conservation status, and followed by a new record and key to 63 species of Curcuma revised and present in Thailand. The study surveyed six new species and a new record of Curcuma to collect, describe, measure, and illustrate the living and spirit specimens under a stereoscopic microscope. Plant materials and photographs were collected in the field from 2018 to 2019. The results of the study described six new species, including Curcuma chantaranothaii Boonma & Saensouk sp. nov., C. charanii Boonma & Saensouk sp. nov., C. rangsimae Boonma & Saensouk sp. nov., C. phrayawan Boonma & Saensouk sp. nov., C. puangpeniae Boonma & Saensouk sp. nov., C. purpurata Boonma & Saensouk sp. nov., and a first new record of C. peramoena. All six new species were recognized to be endemic to Thailand.

Abstract. Saensouk P, Boonma T, Saensouk S. 2021. Curcuma siamensis (Zingiberaceae, Zingibereae), a new species of Curcuma subgen. Ecomatae from Southeastern Thailand. Biodiversitas 22: 5239-5246. Curcuma siamensis Saensouk & Boonma sp. nov. (Zingiberaceae: Zingibereae) belonging to the genus Curcuma subgenus Ecomatae, as herein described and illustrated discovered in Chachoengsao Province, Southeastern Thailand during our exploration of Zingiberaceae family in Thailand and in preparation for the revision of the genus Curcuma for the Flora of Thailand project. It is similar to Curcuma rangsimae Boonma & Saensouk in having terminal inflorescences between the leaf-sheaths, emerging at the basal of the pseudo-stem, lacking coma bract, yellow flowers, presence of epigynous glands, and anther spurs make this plant most similar to, which are also distributed in this nearby area too. But differ in having leaves narrowly elliptic, narrower and shorter in size 18–36 × 6–8.5 cm, upper midrib reddish; thyrse shorter and smaller (5–6.5 cm long, 4–5 cm in diam.); peduncle glabrous; bracts per inflorescence 10–15 in number, fused almost only at base; corolla lobes white, longer and narrower 17–18.3 × 6–7.8 mm; staminodes uniquely obovate-rhombic; labellum ovate-trullate; filament 4.4–4.5 mm long; anther longer c. 8 mm long, spurs pointing outward in front view, with anther crest apex retuse (vs. C. rangsimae having leaves narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate, 40–70 × 12–20 cm, upper midrib green; thyrse 12–20 cm long, 7.8–9.5 cm in diam.; peduncle pilose; 25–48 in number, connate 1/4 to 1/3 at base; corolla lobes light pale yellow, 15–17 × 9–12 mm; staminodes asymmetrical trullate–ovate; labellum ovate; filament 6–7 mm long; anther 6.3–6.9 mm long, spurs pointing downward in from view, with anther crest apex rounded). Based on the results of the morphological comparison and examination of all allied species in the same genus were found to be inconsistent with any species, especially in the subgenus Ecomatae. A comprehensive description, illustration, photographs, ecology, etymology, distribution and a revised key to 21species of Curcuma subgenus Ecomatae in Thailand are provided.

Abstract. Saensouk S, Boonma T, Thomudtha A, Thomudtha P, Saensouk P. 2021. Short Communication: Curcuma wanenlueanga (Zingiberaceae), a new species of subgenus Curcuma from Thailand. Biodiversitas 22: 2988-2994. Curcuma wanenlueanga Saensouk, Thomudtha & Boonma, a new species of Curcuma subgenus Curcuma (Zingiberaceae) from Thailand was described with detailed illustrations, and photographs. The dominant morphological description is terminal inflorescence, leaf adaxially green with reddish-purple along the midrib, leaf-sheath with reddish-brown tinge. Moreover, the color and smell rhizome of C. wanenlueanga has yellow with a darker core internally. It is distributed in Mae Hong Son Province, Northern Thailand, and cultivated throughout the country, i.e. Nakhon Nayok, Maha Sarakham, Chiang Mai, Tak, Chantaburi, Suratthani, and Kanchanaburi Provinces. It is used as Thai traditional medicinal. It grows in in sandy loam soil and well-drained in the mixed-deciduous forest, at elevation 700-900 m asl. It is accompanied by a revised key to 26 species of Curcuma subgenus Curcuma from Thailand.

Abstract. Boonma T, Saensouk S, Saensouk P. 2022. Kaempferia sipraiana (Zingiberaceae), a new species from Thailand and a new record of Kaempferia pseudoparviflora for Myanmar. Biodiversitas 23: 2203-2211. Kaempferia sipraiana Boonma & Saensouk, a new species of Kaempferia subgenus Protanthium (Zingiberaceae) from northern Thailand and K. pseudoparviflora Saensouk P. & Saensouk, a new record species of Kaempferia subgenus Kaempferia for Myanmar are described, illustrated, and photographed. The dominant characters of Kaempferia sipraiana were leaves narrowly elliptic, green with short white stripes arranged parallel along the leaf edges, between the midrib and both sides of the edges, apex acuminate with slightly mucronate, base attenuate-oblique; peduncle glabrous; bracts apex mucronate, glabrous, red with dark red veins; bracteoles glabrous; floral tube shorter than calyx; calyx glabrous; staminodes oblanceolate, apex 3-lobes like curly brackets; labellum white at the base with pinkish purple in the middle gradually fade to pale pink and to reach to white tip and edge respectively, apex 3-lobes like curly brackets, each lobe 3.0–3.3 cm long; apex 4 lobes, outer lobes acute, inner lobes obtuse rarely combined to truncate; stigma with pink lips. The dominant characters of K. pseudoparviflora were one leaf and dark green with light grey markings, the inflorescence looks like inflorescence of K. parviflora. The information on vernacular name, distribution, phenology, ecology, conservation status, specimens examined, and an identification key to both species of Kaempferia in Thailand is revised and presented.

Abstract. Saensouk S, Boonma T, Saensouk P. 2021. A new species and a new record of Curcuma subgen. Curcuma (Zingiberaceae) from Northern Thailand. Biodiversitas 22: 3617-3626. Recent fieldwork to study the species diversity of the Zingiberaceae family in Thailand and preparing a revision of the Curcuma genus for the Flora of Thailand, an undescribed species of Curcuma uses as traditional medicinal for more than two decades well known in the Thai vernacular name “Rang-Jued” was found, this vernacular name is also used to call the other two medicinal plants belonging to different families which are Thunbergia laurifolia Lindl. (Acanthaceae), and Crotalaria spectabilis Roth (Fabaceae), thus some villagers are named Curcuma rangjued as “Rang-Jued-Khamin” to communicate specifically identify species in order to use correct species for each utilization. While Thunbergia laurifolia was called "Rang-Jued-Thao", which "Thao" means "vine" refers to its habit and Crotalaria spectabilis was called "Rang-Jued-Ton" which "Ton" means "stem" refers to its erect stems. After comparing this undescribed species of Curcuma with its allies species, we found that this species did not match with any existing taxa, thus described with detailed illustrations, photographs, summaries for its distribution, ecology in the name of Curcuma rangjued Saensouk & Boonma and followed by a new record of C. cordata Wall. for Thailand which in the past has been determined as a synonym of C. petiolata Roxb. but now it is back to a recognized name once again. Both species in this study were found distributed in the northern region of Thailand and belong to Curcuma subgenus Curcuma, their description along with ecology, phenology, and a revised key to 28 species of Curcuma subgenus Curcuma in Thailand are also present for facilitating identification.