This study, using C57BL/6J mice with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes, aimed to determine whether Bifidobacterium species (spp.) both induces the expressions of proteins in the insulin signaling pathway and enhances the expressions of certain adipocytokines. The protein expressions of IκB kinase alpha (IKKα), IκB kinase beta (IKKβ), nuclear factor-kappaB inhibitor alpha (IκBα), and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway were also investigated. Oral administration of Bifidobacterium spp. reduced blood glucose levels significantly and increased the protein expressions of insulin receptor beta, insulin receptor substrate 1, protein kinase B (Akt/PKB), IKKα, and IκBα. Extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2) showed increased expression. Bifidobacterium spp. also induced the adiponectin expression and decreased both macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression. In addition, IKKβ, c-Jun NH 2 -terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 MAP kinase expressions showed no significant changes in both groups. In conclusion, Bifidobacterium spp. may be the promising bacteria for treating diabetes.Strains including B. bifidum, B. longum, B. infantis, and B. animalis are Bifidobacterium spp., which comprise genus of gram-positive, non-motile, often branched anaerobic bacteria. Bifidobacteria are used as probiotics for supporting digestion in many countries. To date, several studies have demonstrated the benefits of probiotics in managing metabolic disorders including diabetes. At present, there are research groups focusing on this novel concept. Dietary supplementation with multiple probiotic strains, including L. acidophilus, L. casei, L. rhamnosus, L. bulgaricus, B. breve, B. longum, and S. thermophi-
Although IGF-I and insulin are important modulators of preimplantation embryonic physiology, the signalling pathways activated during development remain to be elucidated. As a model of preimplantation embryos, pluripotent mouse embryonic stem cells were used to investigate which receptor mediated actions of physiological concentrations of IGF-I and insulin on growth measured by protein synthesis. Exposure of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells to 1.7 pM IGF-I or 1.7 nM insulin for 4 h caused w25% increase in protein synthesis when compared with cells cultured in basal medium containing BSA. Dose-response studies showed 100-fold higher potency of IGF-I that pointed to the type 1 IGF receptor as the mediating receptor for both ligands. This was confirmed using an anti-type 1 IGF receptor-blocking antibody (aIR3). Both 1.7 pM IGF-I and 1.7 nM insulin increased phosphorylation of the type 1 IGF receptor and this increase was blocked by aIR3, but the insulin receptor was not phosphorylated. Finally, binding of either agonist led to downstream phosphorylation of ERK1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) also via IGF-1R as this was blocked by aIR3. Together, these results suggest that IGF-I and insulin modulate ES cell physiology through binding to the type 1 IGF receptor and subsequent activation of MAPK pathway.
Objective: To study the clinical, endoscopy and pathogical characteristics of colorectal cancer at Da Nang Hospital. Methods: A retrospectively descriptive study, performed from 01/01/2016 to 31/12/2017 at Da Nang Hospital. Results: During two years, there were 205 cases of colorectal cancer patients hospitalized to Da Nang Hospital. Male: 59.51%, female: 40.49%, mean age: 65.8 ± 16.07. Male is higher than female, male/ female ratio is 1.4/1. The period from the first symptoms to admission < 3months predominated (83.8%). The predominant symptoms: Abdominal pain (85.85%), bloody stool (63.41%), defecation (62.44%), anemia (34.63%), weight loss (25.85%), fatigue (17.56%), abdominal distention (12.19%), nausea and vomiting (5.36%). Location of Lesions: Rectum (43.42%), sigmoid colon (20%), right colon (10.73%),cecum (10.73%), transverse colon (7.80%), left-colon (7.32%). Type of lesion on endoscopy: Exophytic (63.41%), ulceration-Exophytic (21.95%), ulceration (7.32%), polyp chemotherapy (7.32). Tumor size: ≥ 3/4 perimeter (39%), occupying the whole circumference (37.0%), occupying ≥ 1/2 perimeter (15.6%), accounting for 1/4 Perimeter (8.4%). The colon completely narrowed rate: 70.73%., incompletely was 29.27%. Histopathological classification: adenocarcinoma (85.85%), Mucinous adenocarcinoma: (9.27%) and non-differentiated epithelial carcinoma was 4.88%. Conclusion: Colorectal cancer was quite popular and was usually detected at advanced stages.Therefore, screening for subjects with risk factors for early detection and treatment is recommended. Key words: Colorectal cancer, endoscopy, pathogical characteristics...
Objective: To evaluate ABI, baPWV by Omron VP 1000 Plus in ischemic heart disease patients; and find out the relationship between ABI, baPWV and risk factors, number of coronary artery branches lesions, Gensini index. Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional study on 63 ischemic heart disease patients admitted to Department of Cardiology Hue University Hospital, all of them agree to participate in research.. Results: The average ABI was 1.05 ± 0.11 on the right; 1.08 ± 0.10 on the left. This difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.278). ABI ≤ 0.9 accounted for 9.52%; accounted for 30.16% from 0.91 to 0.99. The average of right baPWV was 1926.33 ± 477.39 cm/s; left baPWV is 1966.33 ± 533.47 cm/s (p = 0.634). baPWV> 17 m/s, accounted for 73.01%; from 14-17 m/s: 12.7%. There is a difference of the minABI, maxbaPWV between stable angina and acute coronary syndrome group (p<0.05), between minABI, maxbaPWV in 1 vessel lesion group and multi-vessels lesions group (p <0.05). Moderate negative correlation between minABI and Gensini index (r = -0.43; p <0.01). Strong correlation between maxbaPWV and Gensini index (r = 0.605; p <0.01). Conclusion: ABI and baPWV can be used to predict coronary artery lesions in ischemic heart disease patients.
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