The harmonic distortion caused by laser diodes is given analytically. It is shown that the spontaneous-emission factor, the diffusion factor, and the photon lifetime in the cavity play central roles for the evaluation of distortion. The harmonic distortion decreases when the diffusion length is nearly equal to the stripe width together with a smaller spontaneous-emission factor and the photon lifetime. The threshold current is uniquely defined by a minimum point of the third harmonic distortion at a low frequency limit. The harmonic component in the modulation current severely influences the quantitative analysis of the harmonic distortion of light output.
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