A welding robotization has been used to improve the weld quality, minimize the process of trial and error, ensure process repeatability, and above all avoid the requirement for a highly qualified professional. The objective of this work is to verify the possibility of welding robot be programmed by the desired characteristics of the weld bead and in the case of use stainless steel also by the amount of ferrite in the weld bead. To that, experimental data were obtained under laboratory conditions, using an industrial robot that made welds with gas metal arc-welding process. Welds were made with different values of voltage, current, and different filler material and the following output parameters were measured from the weld bead: ferrite quantity, width, reinforcement, and penetration. Were used three different austenitic stainless steel welding wires and the same plate material (AISI 304), among other parameters that were kept constant. A fed forward artificial neural network, fully connected and supervised learning, was created from the experimental data. The mean absolute percentage error found to ferrite quantity was 4% and maximum was 17%. To width, penetration, and reinforcement of the weld beads, mean absolute percentage errors were, respectively, 5, 6, and 15% and the maximum 20, 23, and 47%. Artificial neural networks are able to predict the great complexity existing between the welding parameters in this case. This statement was made comparing the results with other methods of ferrite prediction and geometric parameter prediction.
Este é um artigo publicado em acesso aberto (Open Access) sob a licença Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial, que permite uso, distribuição e reprodução em qualquer meio, sem restrições desde que sem fins comerciais e que o trabalho original seja corretamente citado.Recebido: 19 Mar., 2017 Aceito: 9 Ago., 2017 E-mail: thalesdavila@gmail.com (TLDA)Resumo: O principal processo de união de chapas em veículos é a soldagem por resistência elétrica a ponto (RSW -Resistance Spot Welding). Quando em trabalho os pontos de solda da estrutura do veículo sofrem esforços de tração, cisalhamento e torção, possuindo menor resistência ao esforço de torção. A correta caracterização da robustez da junta soldada é de extrema importância para garantia da segurança do veículo. Por isso é fundamental o domínio da reação aos esforços, para o correto dimensionamento do ponto. Para o esforço de tração e cisalhamento, são utilizados ensaios com modo de falha e relação entre parâmetros e esforços bem conhecidos. Para o ensaio de torção, recentemente foi proposto um equipamento automatizado, compacto e de simples manuseio. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar influência dos parâmetros: tempo e corrente de soldagem no resultado do ensaio. Foram soldados corpos de prova com 0,91mm de espessura mantendo a corrente em 4,25kA, 5,0kA e 5,75kA e variando o tempo de soldagem em 10, 30, 50, 70 e 90 ciclos. Os ensaios demostraram uma grande influência da corrente de soldagem na curva característica do ensaio de torção, fenômeno que não se repetiu para o tempo de soldagem.Palavras-chave: Soldagem a ponto; Resistência a torção; Parâmetros de soldagem. Influence of Welding Parameters on the Spot Weld Torsion Test on a Newly Developed Automated DeviceAbstract: The main process of joining plates in vehicles is Resistance Spot Welding. When in work the spot weld of the vehicle structure suffer tensile, shear and torsional stresses having less resistance to torsion. The correct characterization of the strength of the welded joint is of extreme importance to guarantee the safety of the vehicle. It is fundamental knowing the reaction to the efforts for the correct design of the point. For strength and shear stress, tests are used with known failure mode and relationship between parameters and stresses. For the torsion test, automated, compact and simple handling equipment has recently been proposed. Therefore, the objective of this work is evaluate the influence of the parameters: time and welding current in the test result. It was welded with specimens of 0.91mm thickness, maintaining the current at 4.25kA, 5.0kA and 5.75kA and varying the welding time at 10, 30, 50, 70 and 90 cycles. The tests showed a great influence of the welding current on the torsion test characteristic curve, a phenomenon that was not repeated for the welding time.Key-words: Spot welding; Torsion resistance; Welding parameters. IntroduçãoO processo de soldagem por resistência elétrica a ponto (RSW) é utilizado em diversas áreas da indústria e em grande escala na indús...
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