Highlights
Among the oesophageal tumour, only less than 10% are benign and leiomyoma is the most common tumour representing approximately two-thirds of the cases.
Malignant transformation in leiomyomas are rare and cannot be accurately identified with needle aspiration biopsy making resection followed by histopathological evaluation vital.
Malignant transformation in leiomyomas is rare and cannot be accurately identified with needle aspiration biopsy making resection followed by histopathological evaluation vital.
Umbolith is a relatively rare entity under normal circumstances, especially in the urban scenario. Usually seen in obese individuals with a deep and retracted umbilicus due to constant accumulation of sebum/keratin leading to stone formation. It’s usually covert until complicated by secondary infection (abscess) or ulceration. Sinus was laid open and healthy granulation was seen within 1st week. Pus culture sensitivity suggestive of heavy staph growth and antibiotics were given accordingly. Appendicitis was treated conservatively.
Head and neck cancer is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. The single most important factor affecting prognosis for squamous cell carcinoma is the status of the cervical lymph nodes. Metastasis to the regional lymph nodes reduces the 5-year survival rate by 50% compared with that of patients with early-stage disease. The American cancer society reports that 40% of patients with squamous carcinoma of the oral cavity and pharynx present with regional metastases to the cervical lymph nodes. This activity presents the steps for safe and optimum neck dissection. Objectives of the study were to identify the anatomical structures in neck dissection, review the complications of head and neck surgery and summarize the importance of care coordination and to improve outcomes for patients undergoing head and neck surgery.
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