RESUMOObjetivo: Investigar o uso de termos psicopatológicos nos nomes de bandas de rock and roll e em suas músicas. Método: Termos psicopatológicos do glossário do DSM-IV foram digitados em português e inglês na página do YouTube. Bandas e músicas de rock and roll foram identificadas. O mesmo procedimento foi realizado, a título de comparação, com o glossário de termos neurológicos da CID-10. Resultados: Foram encontrados nomes de bandas ou músicas referentes a 62 termos psiquiátricos e a 24 termos neurológicos. Os termos psiquiá-tricos foram mais frequentes, apresentando diferença estatisticamente significativa. Foram encontradas 60 bandas de rock com nomes inspirados na psiquiatria e na neurologia. Dessas, 44 bandas usavam nomes psiquiátricos e 16 bandas usavam termos neurológicos. Bandas e músicas de rock usam mais nomes psiquiátricos que neurológicos. Predominaram nas mú-sicas nomes relacionados ao uso de substâncias. Ao se compararem nomes de bandas e canções brasileiras e estrangeiras, não se encontrou diferença estatisticamente significativa. Conclusão: Bandas de rock and roll usam com maior frequência termos psicopatológicos em seus nomes e em suas músicas. Bandas brasileiras apresentam resultados semelhantes.
ABSTRACTObjective: To investigate the use of psychopathology terms in the names of rock and roll bands and in their songs or musics. Method: Psychopathological terms from the DSM-IV glossary were typed in Portuguese and English on the YouTube page. Bands and music of rock and roll were identified. The same procedure was performed, for comparison, with the glossary of neurological terms of ICD-10. Results: Sixty-two psychiatry and 24 neurology related words were used by rock and roll bands and songs. A frequent use of psychiatric and neurological terms in band names and songs of rock was found. The psychiatric terms were more frequent. Sixty bands used psychiatric and neurology related names (44 bands used psychiatry names and 16 neurology). The names predominant in music were related to substance use. When comparing names and songs of Brazilian and other countries bands no difference was found. Conclusion: Rock and Roll bands use with greater frequency psychopathology and psychiatric terms in their names and musics. Brazilian bands held similar results.
Sleep problems are common in children and adolescents, particularly those with Neurodevelopmental Disorders. With the changes in daily habits resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, we have analyzed sleep characteristics, during social isolation, in Brazilian children and adolescents aged between 4 and 12 years with Autism Spectrum Disorder (N = 267), Down Syndrome (N = 74), and typical development (N = 312). The ASD group presented with worse indicators of sleep habits in the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ-BR) and fell asleep later during the pandemic. The entire group started fall asleep and waking up later during the pandemic - as well as waking up more often during the night. These results may contribute to parental guidance and sleep habit-related interventions during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Alucinógenos são agentes químicos que induzem alterações na percepção, no pensamento e nas emoções. Entre os alucinógenos naturais há a ayahuasca, originalmente utilizada por tribos indígenas da Amazônia, preparada com a mistura de duas plantas: Banisteriopsis caapi, que contém β-carbolinas, um inibidor da monoamina oxidase (MAO), e Psychotria viridis, rica em N,N-dimetiltriptamina (DMT), que atua nos receptores serotoninérgicos. Atualmente, o uso do chá de ayahuasca se espalhou por diversas regiões do mundo, e diferentes religiões, tais como União do Vegetal, Santo Daime e Barquinha, fazem seu uso ritualístico. Este estudo relata um caso sobre sintomatologia psicótica e uso da ayahuasca. Trata-se de uma paciente jovem, admitida por quadro de isolamento social, prejuízo do autocuidado e delírio bizarro, iniciado há 3 anos, com piora gradual. Era membra da União do Vegetal e fazia uso frequente de ayahuasca. Durante a internação, foi feito o diagnóstico de esquizofrenia, e a paciente melhorou com eletroconvulsoterapia. Pesquisas recentes demonstram que as manifestações clínicas dos alucinógenos se assemelham às da esquizofrenia. Por isso, experimentos farmacológicos com alucinógenos são frequentemente usados como modelos de psicose.
This study investigated the relationship between sleep habits and mental health indicators in childhood reported by caregivers, in addition to seeking evidence of validity and reliability of the Children Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), Brazilian version (CSHQ-BR). Sixty children participated, between 4 and 10 years old, from a public school in the central region of São Paulo, in 2019. The overall mean of the CSHQ-BR score was 49.08. There were no differences between sex in the CSHQ and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) scores. Positive and significant correlations were observed between the CSHQ and the SDQ, specifically between difficulties, parasomnias, sleep-disordered breathing with emotional problems, and hyperactivity. Sleep problems explain 23% of the variance of the SDQ scores.The Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient was 0.75, indicating adequate internal consistency. These findings point to evidence of the validity and accuracy of the CSHQ-BR. Sleep habits are associated with indicators of emotional and behavioral problems.
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