Pangolins are among the most valuable and widely traded taxa in the Southeast Asian illegal wildlife trade, yet little is known of their ecology and they are rarely reported in biodiversity surveys. Firstly, this study collated field and museum reports to produce the first distribution maps for the pangolins Manis pentadactyla and M. javanica in Vietnam. We also demonstrated that current biodiversity monitoring methods are rarely successful in recording pangolin presence and that most of the information about their distribution derives from the knowledge of local hunters. Secondly, semi-structured interviews with hunters revealed that the methods used to catch pangolins differed depending on species and site and suggest that the more terrestrial populations of M . pentadactyla are at greater risk from hunting than the more arboreal M. javanica. We highlight the value of applying local hunters' knowledge to developing ecological study methods and conservation programmes for pangolin species in Southeast Asia.
Although the Raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) has a wide global distribution, little is known about its population in Vietnam. The species is considered rare in Vietnam and few records have been published since 2004; though it is worth noting that all of these records were wildlife trade observations or anecdotal reports. Here we report Raccoon dogs recorded in the illegal wildlife trade via Facebook monitoring from January to December 2020, rescued animals documented in the same province caught by a hunter in August 2020, and camera trap records of the species detected in Pu Mat National Park in May and July 2021. Our camera trap records represent a southern extension of the known range of this species in Vietnam, and is the rst known instance of the Racoon dogs recorded in-situ by camera traps in the country.
In this study, the MELCOR v1.8.6 code was utilized to perform an analysis of the in-vessel accident progression in VVER1000 reactor during the Station Black-Out (SBO) accident with and without external reactor vessel cooling (ERVC) strategy. The analysis presented the predictions of the main phenomena during the accident such as failure of fuel cladding, collapse of lower core support plate, relocation of core debris to lower plenum and mass of debris components in lower plenum, and provided comparisons between two cases in term of main parameters such as integrity time of reactor and structure components of molten pool. These parameters are very important inputs for further research on the application of external vessel cooling strategy for VVER1000 reactor.
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