The Ultra-Wideband Wireless Body Area Network (UWB-WBAN) has been identified to provide an efficient, low-power, and improved wireless communication between sensor nodes worn by the human body to monitor physiological signals. The first part of the UWB receiver is a low noise amplifier (LNA). This article describes an upgrade to a sort of balun LNA that is entirely transistor-based and devoid of inductors for medical worn communication service. The balun LNA uses common gate and a common source configuration which cancels the noise generated by the common gate. This work uses the transistors in place of resistors to minimize the integrated circuit's area, as well as finding the best values for the dimensions of the transistor to minimize energy consumption, achieve a high gain and good linearity. This reduces the noise figure. The designed system utilizes the UWB frequency range of 3-5 GHz and a voltage supply of 1.8V. The designed balun LNA is able to achieve a peak gain of 25.5 dB and noise figure (NF) less than 3.2-3.5 dB using 180µm TSMC CMOS technology. The IIP3 is quite high at 2 dBm, whereas the IIP2 maximum is 21 dBm. The entire power consumption is less than 7.2 mW.
The increasing in the number of vehicles on streets has led to traffic congestion. In order to reduce the waiting timein cases of emergency, the idea of this work is suggested. This work is divided into two parts, the particular part and softwarepart. The first circular particular part is a model which consists of four lanes junction of a traffic light, it also has GSM system (Global System for Mobile Communications). The GSM and lamps of the traffic light are connected to Arduino UNO. TheArduino controls every signal which is coming from the inputs (GSM) to software and display to the outputs (lamps) Thesecond circular particular part is a model which consist same components the first circuit except replace the GSM withIR(infrared Remote).The goal from this work is to help us in the emergence cases, the opening and closing of the traffic light arecontrolled by using GSM system and IR, the time of each lane, is controlled that means reduce the crowding.
<p>This research puts forth an optimization- based analog beamforming scheme for millimeter-wave (mmWave) massive MIMO systems. Main aim is to optimize the combination of analog precoder / combiner matrices for the purpose of getting near-optimal performance. Codebook-based analog beamforming with transmit precoding and receive combining serves the purpose of compensating the severe attenuation of mmWave signals. The existing and traditional beamforming schemes involve a complex search for the best pair of analog precoder / combiner matrices from predefined codebooks. In this research, we have solved this problem by using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to find the best combination of precoder / combiner matrices among all possible pairs with the objective of achieving near-optimal performance with regard to maximum achievable rate. Experiments prove the robustness of the proposed approach in comparison to the benchmarks considered. <strong></strong></p><p class="IndexTerms"> </p>
The increasing in the number of vehicles on streets has led to traffic congestion. In order to reduce the waiting time in cases of emergency, the idea of this work is suggested. This work is divided into two parts, the particular part and software part. The first circular particular part is a model which consists of four lanes junction of a traffic light, it also has GSM system (Global System for Mobile Communications). The GSM and lamps of the traffic light are connected to Arduino UNO. The Arduino controls every signal which is coming from the inputs (GSM) to software and display to the outputs (lamps) The second circular particular part is a model which consist same components the first circuit except replace the GSM with IR(infrared Remote).The goal from this work is to help us in the emergence cases, the opening and closing of the traffic light are controlled by using GSM system and IR, the time of each lane, is controlled that means reduce the crowding.
Today it is important to manufacture high quality integrated circuits which are insensitive to device mismatches. This paper presents an analysis of MOSFET transistors mismatches effect on the performance of UWB receiver front-end which constitute the most important part of Wireless Body Area Network sensor node. The receiver is based on Balun LNA with 25% fully differential double-balanced passive mixer. A PMOS and NMOS transistors mismatch models were proposed to determine LNA output offset voltage and mixer offset current respectively. The analysis result suggests that, to minimize NMOS current mismatch, and thus reducing second-order inter modulation distortion, the overdrive voltage must be maximized. A Monte Carlo and harmonic balance simulations were performed using 0.18µm CMOS process to evaluate the impact of mismatch as well as Vth mismatch on the receiver gain and IIP2. Simulation results show that IIP2 of the receiver is less sensitive to mixer NMOS mismatch but receiver gain is more sensitive. The receiver IIP2 confidence interval in case of NMOS mismatch is [24.674, 24.77]dBm and in case of NMOS Vth mismatch is [24.659, 24.857]dBm. This show the robustness of the proposed UWB receiver front end. Therefore the proposed circuit meets the requirement of UWB system perfectly which make it suitable for WBAN applications.
<span>Telecommunication technology serves several fields in the world. One of the most significant fields is the emergency services to provide a fast connection between the case, the vehicle and emergency treatment office. This paper is a part of a long-term project to design a reliable communication system service to be used for emergency services of a specific city. The hardware devices of this system are intended to work within an mm waves frequencies. In the current research, as a starting point, an exhaustive study accomplished to pave the way to the main goal of the project. The system uses OFDM technology to improve the performance of the system. Other requirements for error correction are also included in the model such as convolutional, hamming coding and interleaving. The system development is supported by a Matlab interface software to simulate the job of an IoT real-time network covering both vehicles and the control centres.</span>
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