Studies had shown that iron-cycling was disturbed by inflammatory process through the role of hepcidin. Pregnancy is characterized by shifts of interleukin. Our objective was to determine if 25(OH) vitamin D (colecalciferol) status was associated with ferritin, anemia, and its changes during pregnancy. Method. A cohort study was done in 4 cities in West Java, Indonesia, beginning in July 2016. Subjects were followed up until third trimester. Examinations included were maternal ferritin, colecalciferol, and haemoglobin level. Result. 191 (95.5%) subjects had low colecalciferol, and 151 (75.5%) among them were at deficient state. Anemia is found in 15 (7.5%) subjects, much lower than previous report. Proportion of anemia increased by trimester among women with colecalciferol deficiency. Ferritin status and prepregnancy body mass index in the first trimester were correlated with anemia (r = 0.147, p = 0.038 and r = −0.56, p = 0.03). Anemia in the second trimester was strongly correlated with anemia in the third trimester (r = 0.676, p < 0.01). Conclusion. Our study showed that the state of colecalciferol was not associated with either ferritin state or anemia, but proportion of anemia tends to increase by trimester in the colecalciferol deficient subjects.
Introduction The role of vitamin D in placental functions and fetal growth had been addressed in many reports with conflicting results. However, such report is limited for Indonesian population. The aim of this study was to explore the association between maternal vitamin D level in the first trimester and fetal biometry in the later stage of pregnancy with adjusted OR for other determinants like hemoglobin and ferritin level. Methods From July 2016 a prospective cohort study of pregnant women had begun in four cities in West Java, Indonesia. Data on maternal vitamin D, ferritin, hemoglobin level, maternal demography and fetal biometry were analyzed with linear regression. Results Among 203 recruited women, 195 (96.06%) had hypovitaminosis D. One hundred fifty two (75%) were in deficient state and 43 women (21%) were in insufficient state. Women with insufficient vitamin D had the highest proportion of anemia, while women with normal vitamin D level had the highest proportion of low ferritin level. Maternal serum vitamin D showed significant associations with biparietal diameter (β = 0.141, p = 0.042) and abdominal circumference (β = 0.819, p = 0.001) after adjustment with maternal age, pre-pregnancy body mass index, parity, serum ferritin level, and hemoglobin level. Conclusion Our study suggested that sufficient maternal vitamin D level was an important factor to improve fetal growth and development.
Probiotic bacteria will improve of immune deviation in infants born by cesarean delivery. A new effector T Cell subset that produces IL-17 has been identified. IL-23 promotes the expansion of antigen primed Th17 cells. The aim of this study is to find out the difference of IL-23 in breastfed infants born by cesarean delivery given probiotic formula and non probiotic Formula. Randomized open label clinical trial was performed on 96 healthy breastfed infants, birthweight ≥ 2500 g, born by cesarean delivery in Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. Fourty eight infants were breastfed combined with probiotic formula and 48 infants as control group. Daily notes were taken on duration of breastfeeding, the amount of milk formula given and any diseases up to fourth weeks. Plasma Il-23, determined by enzyme immunoassay technique at the fourth weeks of life. The duration of daily breastfeeding was not significantly different in both groups (p>0,05). None of the infants got ill during follow-up. The mean of IL-23 in group breasfeeding with probiotic and non probiotic formula were 1.59 (0,23) and 1.50 (0.29). It was significantly different (p< 0,05). Conclusion of this study: Il-23 was significantly different between infants receiving breastmilk with probiotic formula and non probiotic formula.
Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia or neonatal jaundice is a common disorder and considered as one of the main problems in neonatal period worldwide with high incidence, especially in Asia and Southeast Asia region. This study was conducted to determine the characteristics of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia including the prevalence and frequency of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia causes at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in 2012. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital using the crosssectional method. Four hundred and twenty five cases of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in hospitalized and outpatients, from 1 January to 31 December 2012 were included in this descriptive study. Results: The prevalence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia was about 4.08%. Causes were identified in 95 cases and the most common cause of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia during this period of time was physiological causes (23.2%). Other causes included neonatal hepatitis (14.7%), other hemolytic causes (13.7%), infection (12.6%), ABO incompatibility (11.6%) and breastfeeding (11.6%). Conclusions: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia cases are common and remain as one of the neonatal problems in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, thus prevention and proper management of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia should be implemented.
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