Flonicamid (IKI220; N-cyanomethyl-4-trifluoromethylnicotinamide), a pyridinecarboxamide compound, is a novel systemic insecticide with selective activity against hemipterous pests, such as aphids and whiteflies, and thysanopterous pests. The purpose of this study is to clarify the biological properties of flonicamid against aphids. Flonicamid is very active against aphids, regardless of differences in species, stages and morphs. This compound inhibited the feeding behaviour of aphids within 0.5 h of treatment without noticeable poisoning symptoms such as convulsion, and this antifeeding activity was not recoverable until death. The nymphs born from adults exposed to flonicamid for 3 h showed high mortality. The effect of flonicamid on the feeding activity of an individual aphid was studied using electronic monitoring of insect feeding behaviour (EMIF). Although the treated aphid attached the head of its proboscis to the leaf surface, salivation and sap feeding were strongly inhibited. These results suggest that the main insecticidal mechanism of flonicamid is starvation based on the inhibition of stylet penetration to plant tissues.
Flonicamid, a novel class insecticide possessing a unique chemical structure, was discovered in 1992, developed by Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha, Ltd., and registered in Japan in 2006 under the trade name of Ulala DF. This compound is very active against a wide range of aphid species and also is effective against some other species of sucking insects. It rapidly inhibits the feeding behavior of aphids and provides long-lasting control. Flonicamid shows no cross-resistance to conventional insecticides and exhibits excellent systemic and translaminar activity. It has no negative impact on beneficial insects and mites. Furthermore, it has a favorable toxicological, environmental and ecotoxicological profile. These characteristics make flonicamid well suited for resistant management strategies and integrated pest-management programs.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.