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The current studies examine the pore properties and biological effects of DNA-chitosan complexes, which may be useful as scaffolds for tissue engineering. The porosity of the DNA-chitosan complexes was controlled by rinsing them with several different pH 7.2 buffer solutions, including phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), Tris-HCl, boric acid, and N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-N'-(2-ethanesufonic acid) (HEPES). Rinsing with PBS resulted in 84% porosity, whereas rinsing with Tris-HCl produced 94% porosity. It was further found that daunorubicin hydrochloride complex intercalated with and bound to the groove of the DNA-chitosan complexes, indicating that DNA in the complexes maintains its double-stranded helical structure. The DNA-chitosan complexes were not toxic to MG-63 osteoblast-like cells and caused only a mild tissue response when implanted subcutaneously in the backs of rats. These results suggest that buffer-rinsed DNA-chitosan complexes may be useful as a scaffold material in tissue engineering.

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A novel scaffold material based on an alginate hydrogel which contained carbon nanotubes（CNTs）was prepared, and its mechanical property and biocompatibility evaluated. Soluble CNTs were prepared with acid treatment and dispersed in sodium alginate solution as a cross-linker. After which, the mechanical property （elastic deformation） , saline sorption, histological reaction, and cell viability of the resultant nanocomposite gel（CNT-Alg gel）were evaluated. The CNT-Alg gel showed faster gelling and higher mechanical strength than the conventional alginate gel. Saline sorption amount of freezedried CNT-Alg gel was equal to that of the alginate gel. In terms of histological evaluation and cell viability assay, CNTAlg gel exhibited a mild inflammatory response and non-cytotoxicity. These results thus suggested that CNT-Alg gel could be useful as a scaffold material in tissue engineering with the sidewalls of CNTs acting as active sites for chemical functionalization.

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