Background: Strabismus has been defined as an intermittent or constant misalignment of the visual axes. Several studies have reported that strabismus affects about 1-6 % of the population across the world. This study aimed to assess the clinical profile of strabismus patients at the University of Gondar (UOG) tertiary eye care and training center. Material and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to October 2021 on all consecutive strabismus patients attending at UOG tertiary eye care and training center. Interviewer-administered questionnaires and clinical examinations were performed by residents and pediatric ophthalmologist for data collection. Results: A total of 258 strabismus patients with a median age of 8 (SD ±17.64) years old were enrolled in this study of whom 60.1% were esotropia (ET) and 32.6% were exotropia (XT). Accommodative-ET (AET) 46 (17.8%), constant type of XT 38 (14.7%), infantile ET 36 (14.0%) and acquired non-AET 34 (13.3%) were common sub-variants of strabismus. Having inferior oblique over action IOOA (AOR=7.6: 95% CI: 2.77 - 20.83) and being hyperopic in the left eye (AOR=8: 95% CI: 2.55-25) were significant factors associated with ET. Conclusion: Esotropia was the most common type of deviation accounting for more than half of the strabismus patients. Having IOOA and being hyperopic on the left eye were significant factors associated with ET.

Background Symptomatic dry eye disease is a growing public health challenge especially among those who are visual display unit (VDU) users and other long-time near activity workers. Globally, computer user adults experience a surge in the prevalence of dry eye. Data is insufficient on the prevalence of dry eye disease among postgraduate students in Ethiopia. Therefore, the present was aimed to assess the prevalence of dry eye and its associated factors among postgraduate students at the University of Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 423 postgraduate students who were selected based on a simple random sampling technique. Data was collected through online symptom-based ocular surface disease index questionnaire. Binary logistic regression was used to test the association and p-value of <0.05 was considered to determine the significance of the association. Results From the total postgraduate students, 404 completed the study with a response rate of 95.5%. The prevalence of symptomatic dry eye disease was 50.5% (95% CI, 45.1%-54.9%). Average continuous visual display unit use for 2-4hours per day[AOR = 2.57 (95% CI, 1.27–5.21)] and for> 4hours per day[AOR = 3.77 (95% CI 1.87–7.59)], duration of visual display unit use for 3–5 years [AOR = 2.24 (95% CI, 1.17–4.31)], 6–8 years [AOR = 2.46 (95% CI,1.31–4.62)] and > 8 years [AOR = 3.25 (95% CI, 1.63–6.48)], average sleeping hour < 7 hours/day within last week [AOR = 2.17 (95% CI, 1.35–3.49)] and current known allergic conjunctivitis [AOR = 5.42 (95% CI, 2.43–12.10)] were significantly associated with symptomatic dry eye disease. Conclusion and recommendation In this study, about half of postgraduate students faced symptomatic dry eye disease. Significant association was observed between symptomatic dry eye disease and average continuous hours of visual display unit use, duration of visual display unit use in years, shortage of sleep and current known allergic conjunctivitis. It is advisable for postgraduate students to limit screen exposure hour and establish regular breaking time along their exposure. It is also advisable to have optimum sleep as possible. It is also important to explore dry eye disease on a large sample incorporating clinical tests.