Background: Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of death among women in the world and particularly in Africa. Countries of the glob adopted proven the importance of precancerous lesion screening. However, cervical cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. This study assessed the prevalence and associated factors of precancerous cervical lesions among women screened at public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted among 234 women screened in five public hospitals of Addis Ababa selected by systematic sampling technique. Data were collected by interview using a structured and pre-tested questionnaire. The association of the variable was done by using binary and multiple logistic regressions and a 95% confidence interval were computed to determine the level of significance. Variable with P-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of cervical precancerous lesion was 14.1% [(95% CI: (9.4, 18.8)]. Having multiple sexual partners ((AOR = 4.17, 95% CI: (1.3, 13.36)], Being human immune virus positive (HIV) [AOR = 8.16, 95% CI: (2.08, 32.09)], early initiation of sex (before 18 years old) [AOR = 2.34, 95% CI: (1.13, 5.7)], having history of sexual transmitted disease [AOR = 9.97, 95% CI: (2.98, 33.4) and, having a husband with history of sexual transmitted disease [AOR = 4.07, 95% CI: (1.35, 12.3)] were factors significantly associate with the risk of being positive with precancerous cervical lesion. Conclusion: A significant number of women were positive for visual inspection with acetic acid screening (precancerous cervical lesion). Enhancing early cervical cancer screening and addressing community awareness on comprehensive sexual and reproductive health issues tailored to age and culture and early treatment of sexually transmitted diseases are important measures to decrease the problem.
Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a major health crisis affecting several nations, within millions of cases and more than half-million deaths globally. In addition to its high infectivity and fatality rates, it is associated with adverse mental health consequences. Despite this, little is known about stress due to this pandemic in the community of Africa, particularly in Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to assess perceived stress associated with COVID-19 in Korem, Tigray, Ethiopia. Methods: Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from July 1-30/2020 among 422 participants. Simple random sampling technique was used to select study participants. Interviewer-administered data collection was done using a pretested and structured Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) questionnaire. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were carried to identify associated factors. Finally, variable with P-value<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result: About 276 (65.4%) participants scored high perceived stress to COVID-19 pandemic. Being illiterate [AOR=5.1, 95% CI: (1.84, 13.9)], having a chronic disease [AOR=4.8, 95% CI: (1.8, 12.9)], being merchant [AOR=6.6, 95% CI:(2.05, 20.9)], not implementing preventive measures [AOR=3.7, 95% CI: (1.89, 7.34)], and not following policies and scientific evidence to 5.5)] were significantly associated factors. Conclusion: Twothirds of the participants scored high perceived stress. Enhancing community awareness mainly on improving mental health and developing psychological resilience. Encouraging the community on practicing and implementing COVID-19 preventive and controlling measures, strengthen policies and scientific evidence, and addressing the riskiest populations is crucial to reducing the problem.
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