Efficient terahertz (THz)-wave generation via difference frequency generation (DFG) in a GaAs-based two-dimensional photonic crystal waveguide (PhC-WG) was proposed and investigated through numerical simulations. A PhC-WG with a low-group-velocity and low-dispersion mode (LVLD PhC-WG) was designed, and THz–DFG spanning sub- to several THz in frequency was obtained. Electric field enhancement and phase-matching between two fundamental light pulses in the LVLD PhC-WG generated THz–DFG approximately 280 times that in a GaAs strip waveguide. This method is applicable to highly efficient and tunable small-footprint THz-emitting devices based on semiconductor materials.
We herein propose and verify an ultra-small near-infrared (NIR) multi-wavelength light source using a heterojunction photonic crystal waveguide (PC-WG) and quantum dots (QDs). A heterojunction two-dimensional PC-WG, which consists of multiple PC-WGs with sequentially shifted structural parameters, is fabricated on a GaAs-slab including InAs QDs. Spontaneous emission (SE) from embedded InAs QDs was enhanced at multiple wavelengths resonating with slow-light regions of the PC-WG modes. The enhanced SE was propagated and detected through the heterojunction PC-WG. These results indicate the feasibility of the proposed light source.
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