Recently, the screens of TVs and computers are getting larger and larger. In accordance to that, surface plates of those, which are used during the production process, are also becoming bigger. These surface plates are required to be checked every certain period of duration. Therefore, an automatic measurement of straightness, that is highly accurate, and capable of measuring large area, is necessary. The straightness is the degree of difference from a straight line geometrically. It is one of the indexes to express machining precision. In Mechanical Engineering, the accuracy of processing side and the exactitude of the table and the surface plate, which are the bases of the processing side, decide the quality of products. There are a number of methods to measure the straightness. In this experiment, we use a straightness-measuring instrument, which moves a gauge parallel to the surface, and measure the values. Fig. 1 shows the appearance of straightness- measuring instrument. This straightness-measuring instrument is consisted of guide rail, carriage, and support blocks. During the actual measurement, the control of the carriage to connect the gauge is manually operated. This manual operation is simple, but measurement time and precision greatly depend on individual skill. In addition, measuring process requires good length of time with intensity, hence it causes the worker mental exhaustion. Therefore, if we can mechanically operate the carriage it will improve the accuracy and data collection will be easier. This research is aimed to mechanically operate the straightness-measuring instrument and measure consecutive positions in a short period of time. This report explains the design, production, and motion test of the automatic movement mechanism of the carriage.
The effect of cold rolling, which set 20% to 40% area reduction along the crack propagation direction, on the Charpy impact properties of a medium strength aluminum alloy (5083) was established by utilizing instrumented Charpy impact tests at temperatures ranging from 77K to 473K for four kinds of specimens which were cut out from a rolled plate in the directions parallel and vertical to the rolling direction.A standard V-notch was formed on the rolled surface of two specimens and in the vertical direction on the remaining two specimens.In general, by cold rolling the absorbed energy decreased remarkably by about 30 to 60% as compared with that of the unrolled 5083-O specimen in the temperature range of 77K to 373K. It was found that the effect of cold rolling on the absorbed energy differed considerably depending upon the crack propagation direction.When the crack propagation direction was vertical to the rolled surface, an extraordinary increase of absorbed energy up to about 120% appeared at 77K as compared with that of the unrolled specimen. On the other hand, when the crack propagation direction was parallel to the rolled surface, the increase of absorbed energy was about 35 to 55% at 474K.It is assumed that this extraordinary increase of absorbed energy at 77K is due to the occurrence of laminated fracture which was promoted by cold rolling.
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