The treatment of furcation defects is a complex and difficult task that may compromise the success of periodontal therapy. Here we report a new clinical treatment of a Class II furcation defect using an autogenous bone graft associated with a buccal fat pad (BFP) used as a membrane. The surgical treatment was performed following initial periodontal therapy. Post-operative follow-up appointments were performed at 3, 7, and 12 months. Clinically, after 3 and 7 months, a reduction in probing depth without bleeding on probing and an increase in vertical and horizontal clinical attachment level were observed. After 7 post-operative months, an increase in keratinized gingiva was observed. Radiographically, a significant improvement was noted, with the furcation defect almost completely closed. These results could also be observed after 12 postoperative months. It can be concluded that the combined use of autogenous bone graft and a BFP yielded clinically favorable outcome in the treatment of a mandibular Class II furcation defect.

This paper aims to report a literature review on the anatomy and morphology of the interproximal papilla and present the options of both surgical and nonsurgical treatment for the recovery of interdental papilla. Literature review: The loss of the interdental papilla because of the interproximal bone loss accounts for aesthetic, phonetic and functional problems of patients with periodontal disease. The interproximal tissue reconstruction has been reported in literature through both surgical procedures with the use of subepithelial connective tissue graft, restorative and orthodontic treatment. Conclusion: The etiology of gingival black space is multifactorial, therefore, it is important to diagnose properly the etiological factor to establish an appropriate treatment planing. However, the treatment approaches are not predictable and further studies are necessary to recommend the clinical practices available to date.

Immunoexpression of PPAR-γ and osteocalcin proteins was evaluated for bone repair of critical-size defects (CSDs), created in rat calvaria (n=42) and treated with fragmented abdominal autogenous adipose tissue graft. Three groups (n=14) were formed: C (control - blood clot), AB (autogenous bone) and AT (fragmented adipose tissue). The groups were divided into subgroups (n=7) for euthanasia at 30 and 90 days. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed. Data were subjected to descriptive statistics (mode). A complete bone closure was observed in Group AB 90 days after surgery. In Group C, repair was achieved by the formation of collagen fiber bundles oriented parallel to the wound surface at both post-surgery periods. In Group AT the type of healing was characterized by dense connective tissue containing collagen fiber bundles arranged amidst the remaining adipose tissue, with rare heterotopic bone formation associated with fibrosis and different types of tissue necrosis. Immunostaining of PPAR-γ was not observed in any specimen from Groups C and AB. In Group AT, the immunostaining of PPAR-γ was more evident 30 days after surgery. Immunostaining of osteocalcin was present in all groups and at both postoperative periods. The fragmented autogenous abdominal adipose tissue graft did not favor the repair of critical-size bone defects created surgically in rat calvaria as evidenced by the positive immunostaining of PPAR-γ protein and the negative immunostaining of osteocalcin in the osteoblast-like cells and bone matrix.

Introdução e objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo revisar naliteratura as principais modalidades de tratamento de periimplantite.Foi relatado o uso de antissépticos bucais, antibioticoterapia, raspagemcirúrgica, raspagem não-cirúrgica, enxerto ósseo, uso de membranas,tratamento combinado com uso de enxertos ósseos e membranas elaserterapia. Revisão de literatura: A maioria dos estudos mostrou casossobre os tipos de tratamento, porém apenas um protocolo específico dadoença foi relatado. Todos os outros demonstraram associações detratamentos com sucesso na maioria absoluta dos casos,independentemente do tratamento realizado. Conclusão: A associação de técnicas de tratamento é válida e, muitas vezes, necessária. Contudo,para chegarmos a uma conclusão mais específica, devem ser feitosmais estudos em humanos a respeito de cada tipo de tratamento.

Introdução e objetivo: A correção dos defeitos ósseos causados peladoença periodontal é realizada por intermédio de procedimentoscirúrgicos que podem ser divididos como ressectivos, reparativos ouregenerativos. O objetivo deste trabalho é revisar e discutir a literaturarelativa ao uso do vidro bioativo nos procedimentos periodontaisregenerativos. Revisão de literatura e conclusão: Os procedimentosregenerativos correspondem a formas de tratamento que visam reproduzirou reconstituir a parte perdida ou injuriada dos tecidos periodontais. Aregeneração periodontal pode ser definida como o procedimento que buscaregenerar os tecidos de suporte do dente, formados por osso alveolar,cemento e ligamento periodontal. Numerosas modalidades cirúrgicas têmsido testadas para alcançar a regeneração dos defeitos ósseos periodontais.Os métodos mais comumente utilizados são os enxertos ósseos autógenos,alógenos e xenógenos, a regeneração tecidual guiada (RTG) e o uso de materiais aloplásticos (substitutos ósseos). Entre os materiaisaloplásticos está o vidro bioativo (VB), o qual é definido como umacerâmica bioativa que se caracteriza por ser osteocondutora eosteoestimulatória e por ter a propriedade de adesão óssea. Algunsestudos histológicos mostram que o uso dos vidros bioativos podeinduzir a neoformação de cemento e a formação de uma nova inserção.