No abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has sparked unprecedented public health and social measures (PHSM) by national and local governments, including border restrictions, school closures, mandatory facemask use and stay at home orders. Quantifying the effectiveness of these interventions in reducing disease transmission is key to rational policy making in response to the current and future pandemics. In order to estimate the effectiveness of these interventions, detailed descriptions of their timelines, scale and scope are needed. The Health Intervention Tracking for COVID-19 (HIT-COVID) is a curated and standardized global database that catalogues the implementation and relaxation of COVID-19 related PHSM. With a team of over 200 volunteer contributors, we assembled policy timelines for a range of key PHSM aimed at reducing COVID-19 risk for the national and first administrative levels (e.g. provinces and states) globally, including details such as the degree of implementation and targeted populations. We continue to maintain and adapt this database to the changing COVID-19 landscape so it can serve as a resource for researchers and policymakers alike.

Anion photoelectron spectroscopy of C 3 N -and C 5 N -is performed using slow electron velocity-map imaging (SEVI) and field-free time-of-flight (TOF), respectively. The SEVI spectrum exhibits well-resolved vibrational transitions from the linear C 3 N -ground state to the corresponding C 3 N ground state. The TOF spectrum comprises transitions arising from the linear C 5 N -ground state to the corresponding neutral ground and excited states. This study yields the adiabatic electron affinities of C 3 N and C 5 N to be 4.305 ( 0.001 and 4.45 ( 0.03 eV, respectively, and a term value of 560 ( 120 cm -1 for the à 2 Π state of C 5 N. Vibrational frequencies for the degenerate cis and trans bending modes of C 3 N -are also extracted.