A b s t r a c tThe characteristics of phytocenoses developing on light soils in cereal crops of the Łuków Plain are presented in the paper. The studies were carried out between 2003 and 2006 in 182 localities. Cereal crops on light soils were frequently occupied by patches of Arnoserido-Scleranthetum. The association reaches the eastern limit of its geographic range in the mesoregion. The phytocenoses were noted under various moisture conditions and were the floristically poorest cereal communities in the studied area. The paper presents new data on the occurrence of Arnoserido-Scleranthetum on its eastern distributional limits. Quite frequently, the patches of Vicietum tetraspermae scleranthetosum, especially of its variant with Juncus bufonius and Vicietum tetraspermae typicum variant with Rhinanthus serotinus, were also frequently noted in the studied mesoregion. Small patches of Papaveretum argemones were recorded very seldom.

A b s t r a c tThe characteristics of communities developing in cereal crops of the Mazowiecki Landscape Park are presented in the paper. The traditional methods of cultivation, a mosaic of fields, meadows and forests as well as a specific microclimate affect the occurrence of species-rich, syntaxonomically differentiated agrophytocenoses. The occurrence of 4 associations and 2 communities in the area of the Park was noted. On the poorest soils, the association Arnoserido-Scleranthetum was the most widespread and internally differentiated, whereas in more fertile habitats the association Vicietum tetraspermae was the commonest. The above mentioned associations were noted more frequently in winter crops than in spring cereals. Plots of the association Papaveretum argemones and intermediate communities, between Arnoserido-Scleranthetum and Papaveretum argemones, were seldom observed in the studied area. Plots with domination of species diagnostic for the order Polygono-Chenopodietalia occurred rarely in spring cereals, mainly in the protection zone of the Landscape Park. Single, impoverished plots of Aphano-Matricarietum were recorded in the south-eastern part of the Park.

Segetal flora of the Wigry National Park (Poland) was studied in the period 2008-2010 within an area occupied by 33 villages. The analysis was based on 195 phytosociological relevés taken in fields of cereal crops, root plants and in stubble fields. The total number of species recorded in agrocenoses was 181 and they represented 36 botanical families. The most numerous families were Asteraceae, Fabaceae and Brasicaceae. The segetal flora of the Wigry National Park included mostly native species of apophytes (53.6%) that predominated over anthropophytes. Among apophytes, meadow apophytes (35 species) and those from waterside habitats (26 species) were noted most often, archaeophytes (74 species) were predominant among anthropophytes, while epecophytes (9 species) and ergasiophytes (1 species) were much less abundant. Among the life forms analysed, therophytes (61.9%) predominated over hemicryptophytes (27.1%) and geophytes (11%). The number of short-lived species in the flora of this Park was much greater (68.5%) than that of perennial ones (31.5%). The flora of the Park included 31 rare species classified in different categories of threat. Among them, Centaurium pulchellum and Centaurium erythraea belong to fully protected species (Dz.U. (Polish Journal of Laws) 2004 No. 168, item 1764)

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A b s t r a c tThe work presents the results of studies carried out from 1994 to 2010 on changes in phytocenoses with Radiolion linoidis species due to increased intensification of the farming process. The research material consisted of 136 phytosociological relevés taken from the same sites located in cereals, tuber crops/maize and stubble fields. The relevés were grouped based on three periods reflecting changes in farming system: period I (1994-1997) -traditional farming system; period II (2002)(2003)(2004) -shift from traditional to intensive farming; period III (2008-2010) -intensive farming system. Communities with Radiolion linoidis continued to disappear over the whole study period due to farming intensification. The phytocenoses Spergulario-Illecebretum verticillati found in stubble fields and communities with Illecebrum verticillatum observed in cereals and tuber crops in period I were replaced with patches of Echinochloo-Setarietum in maize and stubble fields as well as the association Vicietum tetraspermae in cereals in period III. The values of Sørensen's index of community similarity and of the dynamics index emphasize how advanced the process of changes in and impoverishment of communities was.

A b s t r a c tThis paper presents a description of segetal communities in potato crops cultivated in the Masovian Landscape Park. The communities were analysed based on 64 phytosociological relevés made at 45 localities. 4 associations were found in the study area, that is, Digitarietum ischaemi, Echinochloo-Setarietum, Galinsogo-Setarietum, and Lamio-Veronicetum politae. Phytocenoses representing the associations Digitarietum ischaemi and Echinochloo-Setarietum were most varied floristically. Lower syntaxonomical units were determined within these associations, that is, subassociations and variants. These phytocenoses were frequently found; they occurred in various habitats characterized by different trophic and moisture conditions. Patches of the association Lamio-Veronicetum polita were rare and they occurred only on fertile soils and on small areas.

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