Reminiscence therapy is a psychological intervention for older adults to remembering and interpreting life events that were experienced at some time in the past. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the extent of integrative reminiscence intervention effects, with the aim to produce statistically significant reduction in depression symptoms, and significant improvement in psychological well-being, life satisfaction, self esteem, and integrity were examined. Thirty-four healthy elderly participated in the intervention that was implemented in eight sessions. To evaluate the effects of the program, a quasi-experimental design was applied with pretest and posttest evaluations comparing the intervention group with a control group on a waiting list. In comparison to control group, individuals in treatment sample of older adults in an integrative reminiscence group demonstrated statistically significant reduction in depression symptoms and a significant improvement in self-esteem, integrity, life satisfaction, and psychological well-being.
This study compared performance in two groups of older adults, one healthy and another with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), in order to determine whether or not they exhibit plasticity and to analyze whether or not plastic and non-plastic participants differed after a delay. To measure cognitive plasticity, the Spain-Complutense Verbal Learning Test (TAVEC) was applied to a total of 113 participants over 65 who were divided into two groups: MCI (N = 51) and control (N = 62). It was concluded that healthy participants performed better, but impaired participants also demonstrated some capacity for learning and plasticity, and it was shown that these improvements were maintained after a delay. Therefore, TAVEC seems a fitting, simple procedure with which to measure cognitive plasticity, and an effective indicator of impairment.
Para conseguir la adaptación a los cambios que se producen en el envejecimiento se ponen en marcha una serie de estrategias de afrontamiento. En este estudio, 275 adultos mayores, que acuden a un centro de mayores a realizar actividades, respondieron a una serie de datos sociodemográficos y al Cuestionario de Afrontamiento del Estrés (CAE) mediante una entrevista semiestructurada. El objetivo es analizar el uso de las estrategias de afrontamiento en función de diversas variables sociodemográficas, mediante el uso de correlaciones, pruebas t y ANOVAs. Los resultados mostraron una relación positiva y significativa entre la edad y la religión, y se observaron diferencias en función del género, del estado civil, del nivel de estudios y en función del nivel de ingresos. Como conclusión puede decirse que a medida que aumenta la edad la estrategia religión es más utilizada; las mujeres hacen mayor uso de la evitación, la búsqueda de apoyo social y la religión; los solteros utilizan más la búsqueda de apoyo social y la reevaluación positiva, mientras que los viudos hacen mayor uso de la religión; las personas con estudios inferiores utilizan más la autofocalización negativa y la evitación y las personas con mayores ingresos utilizan más la estrategia focalizado en solución de problemas, y aquellos con ingresos inferiores hacen mayor uso de la estrategia religión.Palabras Clave: Adultos Mayores; Adaptación; Estrategias de Afrontamiento; Variables Sociodemográficas.Coping strategies are used to adapt to the changes that occur during aging. This study investigated 275 older adults who attended a senior citizen's centre. They provided sociodemographic data and answered the Stress Coping Questionnaire (SCQ) in a semistructured interview. The aim was to analyse the use of coping strategies based in several sociodemographic variables, using correlations, t tests, and ANOVAs. The results showed a positive and significant association between age and religion, and differences were found in gender, marital status, educational attainment, and income level. In conclusion, as age increases, religion is most commonly used coping strategy; women make greater use of avoidance, seek social support, and use religion; singles mainly seek social support and positive reappraisal; widowers make greater use of religion; people with a lower level of education use more negative self-targeting and avoidance; people with higher incomes mainly use strategies centred on solving problems; and those with low incomes make greater use of religion.
En este artículo se presentan los datos de un estudio piloto descriptivo en el cual se han medido los estereotipos sobre la vejez en una muestra de carácter incidental de estudiantado universitario del grado de maestro de Educación Primaria. El objetivo fue analizar si hay estereotipos sobre la vejez a través del Cuestionario de Evaluación de Estereotipos Negativos sobre la Vejez [CENVE] (Blanca, Sánchez y Trianes, 2005) en 78 estudiantes. Los resultados mostraron la presencia de estereotipos que plantearon la reflexión sobre la necesidad de proponer actividades educativas que contribuyan a mejorar la imagen de las personas mayores, tanto en la formación de los docentes como en la de los niños en la etapa de la educación primaria.
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