The authoritarian regimes in interwar Europe were not traditional dictatorships, merely imposed from above on an immobile and passive society. On the contrary: their emergence, installation and consolidation came about due to the mobilisation of different social groups who, through their actions and perceptions, constituted and gave life to the new states. That is why, in order to understand their true nature and the reasons behind their creation and consolidation, we need to analyse the interaction between those regimes and the societies in which they took root.In our view, as regards internal factors, the stabilisation and later consolidation of
In twentieth-century Spain, the conservative political ideology maintained a gender discourse and an ideal of femininity that remained broadly unchanged. The democratic regimes established in the country, first after the reign of Alfonso XIII and then after the Franco dictatorship, did nothing to substantially fragment the country’s conservatism with regard to its proponents’ view of the function and role that women should fulfil in society. In an attempt to trace the indelible markers of Spanish antifeminism, this article examines three of conservatism’s key ideas related to gender: a differentiated consideration of male and female natures; a rejection of feminism; and a conception of the family as the preferred locus for the development of the so-called natural functions of women.
Resumen. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar, a través de aquellos filmes españoles ambientados en nuestro país, la representación que se ha elaborado de las poblaciones negras. Saber cómo se ha construido la diferencia de este "otro", no en el terreno colonial, sino en el terreno "doméstico", y a partir del papel que han jugado la lengua y la religión, fundamentales para la doctrina del hispanismo, así como otro tipo de prejuicios ligados a la sexualidad o a su no reconocimiento como sujeto, es clave para entender la evolución histórica del racismo en España. Palabras clave: Racismo; cine español; negroafricano, África; representación; discriminación.[en] The figure of a black through the big screen. The entry of Spain into the European Union as the turning point.Abstract. The aim of this work is to analyse the representation of the black population through Spanish films set in Spain. Knowing how the difference of this "other" has been built (not in a colonial context but in a 'domestic' context, and based on the role of language and religion, which are essential for the doctrine of Hispanism) as well as other kind of prejudices linked to sexuality or their misrecognition as subjects, is a key to understanding the historic evolution of racism in Spain.
Sumario: 1. Introducción. 2. Del cine franquista de propaganda al cine en la etapa democrática. 3. Retrato del negroafricano en el marco contemporáneo: Europa como punto de inflexión. 4. Cuando los negros eran católicos.... La religión como elemento diferenciador 5. Migración e idiomas: la lengua también potencia la diferencia. 6. Conclusiones. 7. Referencia bibliográficas. Cómo citar: Maroto Blanco, J.M.; Ortega López, T.M. (2018). La figura del negro a través de la gran pantalla. La entrada de España en la Unión Europea como punto de inflexión. Historia y comunicación social, 23 (2), 567-583.
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