No abstract

Readily available N-acyl-5-vinyl-2,3-dihydro-4-pyridones undergo Diels-Alder cyclization with various dienophiles to afford novel octahydroquinolines containing synthetically useful functionality. With dihydropyridone 5 and cis-disubstituted dienophiles, the resulting cycloadducts were obtained as single diastereomers in good to excellent yield. The corresponding reaction of 5 with methyl acrylate, acrylonitrile, and phenyl vinyl sulfone showed modest preference for the endo adducts. The effect of the dihydropyridone C-2 and C-4 substituents on the degree of diastereofacial control was examined. By using this methodology, the core decahydroquinoline skeleton of gephyrotoxin was prepared in a stereocontrolled fashion. Interesting reactivity was observed with certain dienophiles leading to ring-opening of the initially formed cycloadducts. This tandem reaction provides a route to uniquely substituted beta-aminoketones, alcohols, and unnatural amino acids.

Background and Purpose. Anxiety and fear about caring for people with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are concerns expressed by students in health care professions. This study was designed to evaluate the influence of education offered to physical therapist (PT) and occupational therapist (OT) students on their knowledge, attitudes, and willingness to provide services to people with AIDS. Subjects and Methods. Twenty-six undergraduate PT students and 23 undergraduate OT students completed a questionnaire at the beginning of their professional education program, following a 5-hour AIDS education seminar, and shortly before their graduation. The questionnaire consisted of 3 subscales designed to evaluate the respondents' knowledge, attitudes, and willingness to treat people with AIDS. Results. At the time of graduation, the students in both disciplines showed improvenle~lt in knowledge about AIDS (14.3% for PT students and 13.8% for OT students) and more positive attitudes toward people with AIDS (7.4% for PT students and 5% for OT students). In both disciplines, the students' willingness to provide services for people with AIDS remained unchanged following the AIDS education seminar and at the end of the professional education program. Conclusion and Discussion. The professional education offered to the cohort of students in this study appeared to be beneficial in improving their knowledge and attitudes toward people with AIDS, but it did not affect their willingness to work with this patient group. [Balogun JA, Kaplan MT, Miller TM. The effect of professional education on the knowledge and attitudes of physical therapist and occupational therapist students about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Phys Ther. 1998;78: 1073-1082.1

Fused pyridine derivatives R 0450Diels-Alder Reactions of N-Acyl-2-alkyl(aryl)-5-vinyl-2,3-dihydro-4-pyridones.-Diels-Alder cycloaddition of vinyldihydropyridones (I) with various dienophiles provides an efficient access towards octahydroquinolinones bearing diverse functionalities. The effect of C-2 substituents and of the replacement of C-4 carbonyl by hydroxyl functionality on the stereoselectivity of cycloaddition is studied. With certain dienophiles like benzo-or naphthoquinone and benzyne, the cycloaddition reaction is accompanied by aromatization due to extrusion of the carbamate functionality and pyridine ring opening. -(COMINS*, D. L.; KUETHE, J. T.; MILLER, T. M.; FEVRIER, F. C.; BROOKS, C. A.; J. Org. Chem. 70 (2005) 13, 5221-5234; Dep. Chem., N. C. State Univ., Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Eng.) -Mischke 45-173