This study describes the family aggregation of gyral morphology in the posterior perisylvian region in families that contain one or more children with a developmental language disorder. The probands in these families were 8 male and 2 female children referred through therapy programs and schools for children with language and reading problems. Family members included both biological parents (10 m, 10 f) and all available siblings (6 m, 4 f). Gyral morphology in the members of these families was compared with control subjects (10 m, 10 f) who were without a personal or family history of developmental language disorders. Gyral morphology was evaluated using T1-weighted sagittal scans from a GE Signa 1.5T magnet, 5 mm consecutive slices through the full brain volume. A less common type of Sylvian fissure morphology was more frequently found in the hemispheres of language-disordered subjects and their first-degree relatives than in control subjects. In addition, the pattern of Sylvian fissure morphology across generations within the families suggests that this feature might be inherited from either parent. The elevated rate of extra gyri in the posterior perisylvian region in families affected by language disorder links an anomaly within a language-related brain region with familial risk for this disorder.
Haloperidol, used to treat patients with psychoses, is considered minimally cardiotoxic. Several cases of torsade de pointes have been reported in association with the use of oral haloperidol. In each of those cases, a prolonged QTc preceded the torsade de pointes episode and thus may be considered a predictor for ventricular arrhythmias in elderly women treated with haloperidol. However, the following case may demonstrate the inability to predict an episode of torsade de pointes with low-dose oral haloperidol use.
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