It is clear that activity levels are insufficient for all children, in particular overweight/obese children and adolescents, although the precise nature of the relationship appears to differ between boys and girls.

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The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare the effects of various muscle strength sessions performed during 10 weeks physical conditioning programs and 4 weeks of detraining on the physical conditioning, body composition and hematology of elderly women. 48 women were randomly distributed in four groups: a physical conditioning group (PCG; n = 12) with two sessions per week; a PCG with an extra-session focus on hypertrophy (PCGH; n = 12), a PCG with an extra-session in a shallow pool (PCGP; n = 12); and a control group (CG; n = 12). PCGH achieved a significant increase in Abalakov. Significant differences between the CG and the other groups were found in Countermovement Jump. There were significant improvements in the chair-stand test in the PCG and PCGH. The training programs suspected improvements in HDL, LDL, baseline glucose and glycated hemoglobin. In conclusion, a training program with an extra-session focus on hypertrophy achieved a greater improvement in strength in elderly women.

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Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate whether there were changes in body composition after a 20-week (twice weekly) Pilates Method (PM) program when compared to a control group. Methods: This was a controlled quasi-experimental study in which 41 subjects (83.3% females, 16.7% males) aged between 28 and 58 years (mean age = 42.37±7.86 years) were divided into two groups (intervention or control group) and later evaluated. Body composition was measured with anthropometric techniques utilizing the following variables: weight, height, and 6 skinfold measurements. The PM intervention consisted of two weekly sessions, over a 20-week period. The minimal attendance for the program was 85%. Results: Significant differences were observed between the two groups for the sum of six skinfold measurements (p=0.01) and body fat percentage (p=0.004). Conclusion: Practicing the PM for 20 weeks seems to be an activity that can positively influence changes in body composition. Level of evidence III, non-randomized controlled cohort study.

The aim of this study was to analyse the lower limb skin temperature (Tsk) of elderly people after a training session. The Tsk of the lower limbs from 66 active elderly was measured by infrared thermography before and after a circuit training session using 28 regions of interest (ROIs) from anterior and posterior areas. Significant differences were observed between the two sexes and time points. The analysis by sex of the anterior area shows that men had a significantly higher Tsk at both the initial and final time points in several ROIs. Comparing the two time points, only a significant difference was observed Achilles tendon areas.