The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli strains isolated from clinical mastitis cases of cows in 42 different dairy farms located in the Bordj Bou Arreridj region of Algeria. Milk samples were cultured on Columbia blood agar and isolates were then identified by MALDI-TOF MS. A total of 200 samples were screened and 52 confirmed E. coli strains were obtained. The Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion method. Antibiotic resistance genes, including extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) (i.e. bla TEM , bla SHV and bla CTX-M ), tetracyclines ( tetA , tetB , tetC and tetJ ), aminoglycosides ( aph(3’) , aac(3’) , aac(6’) , ant , aad and armA ) and quinolone ( qnrA and qnrB ) were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). DNA sequencing were then used to characterize the genotype. Genotyping analysis was performed using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The most frequently observed resistance was amoxicillin (86.5%), followed by tetracycline (75%), amoxicillin/clavulanic Ac. (59.6%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (36.5%), doxycycline (13.5%) and ciprofloxacin (13.5%). Multidrug resistance was observed in 38.4% of isolates. Genotypic characterisation showed that tetA gene (44.2%) and   bla TEM-1 (30.7%) were the most prevalent. Screening for plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes demonstrated that seven isolates (13.5%) expressed the qnrB gene and one isolate (1.9%) harbored the qnrA gene. In addition, aminoglycosides resistance determinants including aadA 1 and aac (3)- Id were detected in 7 and 2 isolates respectively. The MLST revealed the presence of 3 different sequence types (ST162, ST371 and ST 949).

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This paper examines the disparities in consumption of milk and dairy products by urban and rural families in the region of Laghouat, located in southern Algeria. From December 2019 to March 2020, surveys were conducted among 125 families (94 in urban areas and 31 in rural areas). The results show that the consumption of milk and dairy products occupies an important place in the diet of the inhabitants of Laghouat (97.87% and 100% respectively for urban and rural families). Individual consumption levels expressed in kg milk equivalent/person/year were significantly higher in rural areas (241.89±27.84kg) than in urban areas (147.17±8.20 kg). A wide range of industrial and traditional dairy products was identified (raw milk, pasteurized or sterilized milk, powdered milk, lben or babeurre, rayeb or curdled milk, cheese, yogurt, butter). The consumption of industrial products (pasteurized or sterilized milk, powdered milk, lben, and yoghurt) constitutes 74.88% of the total quantity consumed by urban families. For rural families, 81.56% of the quantity consumed was composed of traditional products (raw milk and lben). The traditional processing of milk and dairy products was significantly more observed in the rural (93.55%) than in the urban community (28.72%). The marketing chain for raw milk seems weak; 54.84% of the farmers surveyed do not sell their milk. The in-depth study of the characterization of consumption would be interesting to revive the milk sector in the region of Laghouat and Algeria