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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is a type of autoimmune thyroid disease. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can evaluate microstructural brain involvement in various diseases. We aimed to investigate whether there were any DTI differences in patients with HT, and the relationship between DTI values and disease duration time and thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) levels. METHODS We prospectively included 36 patients with HT (mean age 41.6 ± 13.8 years, range 18‐64 years) and 18 age and sex‐matched healthy control subjects (mean age 41.6 ± 13.1 years, range 18‐63 years). All patients were euthyroid at the time of imaging. Fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) values of 15 distinct neuroanatomical locations were measured and compared. RESULTS FA values of the patients with HT were lower in cingulum, globus pallidus (GP), cerebellar white matter (CWM) than the control (P = .019, .002, and <.001, respectively). MD values of the CWM in patients were higher than the control (P = .008). AD values of patients with HT were lower in the cingulum, posterior limbs of the internal capsule, GP, and putamen (P = .038, .038, .030, and .045, respectively). RD values of cingulum and CWM in HT were higher than controls (P <.001 and P = .011, respectively). There was a negative relationship between the FA values of PLIC and a positive relationship between the MD values of the corona radiata and TPOAb levels were detected. CONCLUSIONS The current DTI study presented microstructural changes in the neurocognitive‐related areas that may be related to accompanying neurological findings in HT.

Abstract. Solid pseudopapillary tumor (SPT) of the pancreas is a pathological entity rarely encountered in children. Despite its malignant characteristics, SPT has a favorable clinical prognosis. This tumor is more frequently observed in females and is commonly localized in the tail and body of the pancreas. This is the case report of a 9-year-old female patient who presented with severe abdominal pain of sudden onset and vomiting following blunt abdominal trauma. Upon physical examination, abdominal distension, tenderness and abdominal guarding were detected. Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging revealed a mass sized 8x9x12 cm in the pancreas, with hemorrhagic-necrotic areas, and abundant intra-abdominal fluid. Intra-abdominal exploration confirmed the presence of an abundant amount of intraperitoneal hemorrhagic fluid. A mass was identified, originating from the body and the tail of the pancreas, adherent to the mesentery of the colon and the hilum of the spleen, which had ruptured in its inferolateral side. The tumor was extirpated together with the spleen and the involved parts of the pancreas. Histopathological examination demonstrated a solid pseudopapillary tumor of pancreatic origin. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful, clinically as well as metabolically.

Idiopathic orbital pseudotumor (IOP) is a benign inflammatory condition of the orbit without identifiable local or systemic causes. Bilateral massive orbital involvement and extraorbital extension of the IOP is very rare. We present an unusual case of IOP with bilateral massive orbital infiltration extending into maxillofacial regions and discuss its distinctive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features that help to exclude other entities during differential diagnoses.

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